Sunday, January 27, 2019

Joint Support Formula - Glucosamine Chondroitin, Turmeric, MSM & Boswellia - Complete Joint Relief Supplement for Men & Women (60 Veggie Capsules)

Glucosamine and arthritis

    Clinically fundamental: As a short-term intervention, oral and intramuscular glucosamine is associated with pain relief and symptomatic in patients with arthritis. Glucosamine appears to be similar in efficacy to NSAIDs, but long-term interventions are needed to establish the efficacy and adverse effects.



Joint Support Formula - Glucosamine Chondroitin, Turmeric, MSM & Boswellia - Complete Joint Relief Supplement for Men & Women (60 Veggie Capsules)
Joint Support Formula - Glucosamine Chondroitin, Turmeric, MSM & Boswellia - Complete Joint Relief Supplement for Men & Women (60 Veggie Capsules)




Glucosamine is a treatment that does not require a prescription and is available to relieve pain and symptoms related to arthritis.

Systematic review
Moore RA. Glucosamine and arthritis. Bandolier 46; 1998

    Outcome variables: pain, swelling, days elapsed until improvement, response to treatment

The inclusion criteria were controlled and randomized clinical trials of oral or intramuscular glucosamine as a treatment for arthritis; comparisons with placebo or active treatment. We summarized the findings of the original articles, and where possible, we calculated the relative benefits and numbers needed to treat with 95% confidence intervals using the response rates for the active and placebo groups on variables related to pain.

Findings
All included studies evaluated oral and / or intramuscular glucosamine in patients with arthritis for up to eight weeks. Six studies were double blind, and two were not masked. The studies included patients with osteoarthritis or gonarthrosis. Oral doses of glucosamine were 1.5 g / day, and intramuscular doses of 400 mg twice to three times a week.

Dichotomous data were obtained to calculate the relative benefits and numbers needed to treat. The types of variables that could be obtained varied between the studies, and included pain assessment, symptomatic relief, response to treatment. These variables were taken between 3 and 8 weeks
.
Placebo-controlled trials
Five trials demonstrated significant beneficial effects of glucosamine versus placebo. Three of them presented a significant relative benefit, and a global number needed to treat 5.0 (3.5 to 8.9) for short-term pain reduction benefits compared to placebo.

Controlled trials with active treatment


Three studies compared glucosamine with NSAIDs. Two trials compared 1.2 g / day of ibuprofen with oral glucosamine in 239 patients, and found no significant differences. The third study compared intramuscular glucosamine with intramuscular phenylbutazone, but did not show significant results.

Adverse effects
Few adverse effects or dropouts from these studies were found. They tended to occur less frequently in patients with glucosamine than in those in the NSAID group. A large non-masked study with 1208 patients taking oral glucosamine at a dose of 1.5 g / day for 13 to 99 days presented 28 patients who discontinued treatment due to adverse effects. The adverse effects that were found in more than 1% of the patients were epigastric pain / discomfort, heartburn, diarrhea, and nausea.

Thursday, January 24, 2019

SANIFLO SANIACCESS 3 UPFLUSH MACERATOR PUMP + ROUND TOILET KIT, WHITE FINISH

Will rusty bolts in my toilet tank cause a leak?

The toilet tank in a toilet is like the engine of a car. The tank uses the water inside to feed the waste and other materials into the container below. The tanks are secured in the location on the back of the cup by means of tank bolts. Because these tank bolts are in such proximity to the water, they can sometimes oxidize and cause leaks.



SANIFLO SANIACCESS 3 UPFLUSH MACERATOR PUMP + ROUND TOILET KIT, WHITE FINISH
SANIFLO SANIACCESS 3 UPFLUSH MACERATOR PUMP + ROUND TOILET KIT, WHITE FINISH




Hygienic operation

Toilets work by flushing a certain amount of water through the toilet bowl to carry the waste inside. Before the discharge, the water is carried out inside the toilet tank, which is located above the bowl. Pressing down the discharge handle opens a flap inside the tank, and the force of gravity makes the water through the opening of the fin and into the container. The holes drilled inside the bowl rim create a whirling movement, which helps to power the objects inside the bowl.

The placement of the tank

The toilet tank sits on top of the back of the cup. The reservoir is usually based on a series of ridges in the container that holds it firmly in place. A couple --- --- sometimes more than toilet tank bolts are inserted through the bottom of the tank and through the back of the bowl. Rubber washers on top of the bolts hold the bolts in place and also seal the bolt holes. Nuts and washers keep the bolts in place underneath.

Rusty screws

Over time, the rubber washers on the top of the screws may begin to decline. This is especially true if you use certain additives in the tank, such as deodorants or cleaning products, and leave the tank to sit for a period. As the water evaporates in the tanks, the level of concentration of chlorine in the tank strengthens, which works to dissolve the rubber. Once the rubber dissolves, the water in the tank will begin to oxidize the screws and work its output from the tank.

The repair of rusty screws

Rusted screws should be replaced as soon as possible to help prevent a leak before it starts. Before repairing the tank, empty first. Close the water supply to the wall under the tank and pull the chain. Release the tank supply hose. Use a wrench or pliers to remove the nuts from the rusted tank bolts. If you can not remove the nut with tools, cut the nuts on the end of the bolt with a hacksaw. Protect the tank while it is working by covering it with adhesive tape.

KOHLER K-4197-96 Wellworth Round-Front Bowl, Biscuit

There is leakage of water from the toilet tank to the floor

A leaking toilet tank can become a wet disaster. The toilet tank has water in the reserve to pull the chain. Water flows from the supply line on your wall in the tank. Over time, the screws and gasket that hold the filtration tank can perform or loosen. Tightening the screws or replacing the rubber gasket can solve your problem. If the leak is not fixed by these solutions, the tank may have a crack. In this case, the tank itself will have to be replaced.



KOHLER K-4197-96 Wellworth Round-Front Bowl, Biscuit
KOHLER K-4197-96 Wellworth Round-Front Bowl, Biscuit




Instructions

1 Try to move the tank back and forth. If the tank jiggles, a simple tightening of the screws located on the bottom of the tank can solve the problem. After tightening the screws, pull the chain to check for leaks. If there is a leak they remain, replacing the board can fix the problem.

2 Close the water in the supply line from the wall by turning the stopcock to the right.

3 Pull the chain and hold the push button until all the water has drained from the toilet bowl.

4 Remove the supply line from the toilet tank with channel locking pliers by turning the toilet line connection bolt to the left. Place a towel under the line to collect the remaining water.

5 Loosen the nuts on each side of the bottom of the toilet tank. Carefully lift the tank out of the cup and put it on its side.

6 Remove the rubber gasket located at the bottom of the tank. Use a spatula or utility if the joint does not come off easily. Wipe toilet residue with a towel.

7 Apply a sealant to the reservoir around the opening. Fit the new rubber gasket over the opening; Be careful to align the board with the opening. Allow the joint sealant to dry for five to 10 minutes.

8 Set the tank back on the toilet. Tighten the screws located on the bottom of the tank.

9 Reconnect the toilet supply line and convert the water again by turning the valve counterclockwise.

10 Check for leaks. Wipe any remaining water from the floor with a towel.

Tips and warnings

  •     Take the old board with you to the hardware store so you can buy the correct replacement size.

Kohler K-4067-NY Bancroft Comfort Height Elongated Bowl, Dune

How to seal a toilet tank

If the accumulation of water is observed on the back of the toilet bowl, check the coupling of the inlet tube on the bottom of the tank to ensure there are no leaks. Wrap a strip of toilet paper around the joint; If the paper peels dry, the rubber seal between the container and the container is damaged and must be replaced. Even though it takes some heavy work, replacing the rubber gasket is quite easy, as long as you have the correct spare parts.



Kohler K-4067-NY Bancroft Comfort Height Elongated Bowl, Dune
Kohler K-4067-NY Bancroft Comfort Height Elongated Bowl, Dune




Instructions

1 Close the closing of the water supply valve to the toilet tank and pull the chain. Remove the lid from the reservoir and sponge out any remaining water in the bottom of the tank.

2 Undo the joint that connects the flexible hose of the shut-off valve to the base of the tank with an adjustable wrench. Lift the rubber washer into the joint with a fine screwdriver. If the washing machine is hard and brittle, unscrew the assembly from the other end of the compression and replace the entire hose at the same time as you have the opportunity.

3 Locate the two large slotted head screws on each side of the flap valve on the bottom of the tank. These screws connect the tank to the toilet bowl. Insert a large flat-blade screwdriver into one of the slots to prevent the screw from turning. Undo the nut on the bottom of the vessel flange with an adjustable wrench. Repeat this procedure and remove the second connection bolt.

4 Swing the toilet tank side to side to break the seal. Lift the container out of the container and place it face down on a thick towel next to the toilet. Take off the old rubber gasket from the socket. Scrape off any dirt that surrounds the outlet and the coupling flange on the toilet bowl with a spatula and a rag.

5 Take the old seal to the hardware store to make sure you buy the right size replacement. Also, purchase a new kit-tank to bolt cup, a flexible spare water supply pipe, and some silicone plumber's grease while you're there.

6 Coat both sides of the rubber-tank replacement to the cup seal with a thin layer of silicone grease plumber. Place the seal on the outlet of the tank with the upper conical part. Move the tank on the right side up. Place steel washers from the replacement kit on the new tank bolts to the bowl, followed by the fiber washers. Insert the screws through the holes in the bottom of the tank.

7 Lower the tank onto the cup. Make sure that the rubber-to-cup gasket fits perfectly in your recess-assignment dates, while slotting the bolts that fix into their respective holes in the flange bowl. Place fiber washers followed by steel washers through the bolts under the cup and thread the nuts until they are in hand tight; all washers are included in the bolt-to-cup replacement kit.

8 Place the head of a large screwdriver in the slots of the tank bolts from inside the tank to prevent them from turning. Tighten each nut alternately in half a turn with the adjustable wrench. Keep tightening each nut in turn to compress the rubber-tank washer to the cup. Do not over tighten the nuts when forcing the key after a firm resistance is felt.

9 Screw the fitting onto the end of the flexible water line on the compression stop valve. Tighten firmly with the adjustable wrench. Connect the end of the tank to the water supply line and tighten firmly with the adjustable wrench.

10 Pour a liter of water into the tank and check the connection bolts and rubber gasket for leaks. Tighten each bolt to connect another quarter turn if necessary. Open the shutoff valve of the water supply. Rinse and refill the tank two or three times to make sure there are no leaks during the washing action. Replace the toilet tank lid to complete the installation.

Tips and warnings

  •     Wear latex gloves while working on a toilet.

Mansfield 135WHT 135010007 White Elong Toilet Bowl

How to connect a toilet tank to a Bowl

Installing a new toilet or replacing a larger toilet is not difficult. Be careful when handling the toilet bowl and the toilet tank. Porcelain is relatively easy to chip during handling. A maintenance staff do it yourself can install the toilet tank over the toilet bowl in a few minutes and without much difficulty.



Mansfield 135WHT 135010007 White Elong Toilet Bowl
Mansfield 135WHT 135010007 White Elong Toilet Bowl




Instructions

1 Place the tank cushion washer over the toilet bowl.

2 Place the two thick rubber washers in the tank where the bolts pass through them to tighten the tank to the bowl.

3 Support the tank in the container carefully so that you do not splinter the porcelain. Align the two holes that the screws will go through by tightening the tank with the corresponding holes in the toilet bowl.

4 Place a washer on a bolt and slide it through one of the holes in the task. Repeat this step for the other side.

5 Place the other washer on the end of one of the bolt under the rim of the toilet bowl. Hand tighten the nuts on the bolts.

6 Place a 2-foot level on the top of the toilet tank to verify that it is level. Tighten the nuts and screws carefully with a flat-head screwdriver and an adjustable wrench. This compress the thick rubber washer between the tank and the container. They alternate between the two nuts and bolts while checking that the tank remains level.

Tips and warnings

  •     Most toilets come with the assembly load value and the waste gasket is already fixed in the tank. If they are not, it is easier to install them before the tank joins the bowl.
  •     Do not tighten the screws that hold the tank. This can break the toilet.

KOHLER K-4325-L-0 Kingston(TM) Wall-Mounted 1.6 or 1.28 GPF Flushometer Valve Toilet Bowl with Top Inlet and Bedpan Lugs, Without Seat, White White

What is the purpose of isolating a tank from the toilet?

Hygienic insulation kits provide a solution for sweat toilet cisterns, which occur in areas with high heat and humidity in the summer months. Sweating toilets can cause significant damage to a house, including the structure, causing water damage and allowing the formation of mold and deteriorate materials, including floor joists and drywall.



KOHLER K-4325-L-0 Kingston(TM) Wall-Mounted 1.6 or 1.28 GPF Flushometer Valve Toilet Bowl with Top Inlet and Bedpan Lugs, Without Seat, White White
KOHLER K-4325-L-0 Kingston(TM) Wall-Mounted 1.6 or 1.28 GPF Flushometer Valve Toilet Bowl with Top Inlet and Bedpan Lugs, Without Seat, White White




The sweat tank of the toilet

A toilet tank usually contains cold water, which is in the tank until the handle of the toilet is pressed, the opening of the valve in the bottom of the toilet and letting the water out of the tank and into the tank. container. Then the waste is thrown down the drain. When the weather heats up and the humidity level rises, hot and humid air condenses when the toilet tank comes into contact. The condensation on the outside of the tank, or the drops of sweat, accumulate until they run out on the sides of the tank and fall on the floor below.

Water damage

A toilet tank will sweat a certain amount of water during a day, depending on the humidity levels inside the bathroom. As water drips on the bathroom floor, water collects or pools around the base of the toilet. This water can damage and discolor the finish of the bathroom floor. Water can also seep into the subfloor where it will damage the floor joists, cause mold growth and ruin the roof and lights below.

Isolation

Toilet tank isolation kits maintain a sweat toilet, providing a layer of insulation between the water in the tank and the walls of the tank. Trim the insulation pieces to fit along the different sides of the inside of the tank. The insulation keeps the walls of the tank from becoming so cold since the insulation keeps the cold water cooling down the walls of the tank. Adhesive that comes with the insulation kit keeps the insulation pieces from coming loose.

other changes

There are other solutions to a toilet tank sweating. You can place a cover on the outside of the toilet, which will help keep water running on the sides of the tank. The operation of a dehumidifier in the house will dry in the air, which will keep the condensation from accumulating in the toilet tank. An anti-sweat valve will introduce hot water into the water supply in the toilet. While the addition of an excess of hot water in the tank or container of a toilet will result in the formation of odorless cracks, an anti-odor valve will introduce enough so that the tank will not be cold enough that condensation will form. Some antisudor valves allow the user to adjust the amount of hot water in the tank or even shut off the hot water supply outside in cold weather.

Danze DC013230BC Orrington Elongated Toilet Bowl with Soft Close Seat, Biscuit (Bowl Only)

Can a toilet tank be occupied by a water supply by gravity?

One of the ways in which water is supplied through pipes for drinking, cooking and cleaning is through a system of gravity, which is an ancient system that has been in use since humanity began to take advantage of water. One of the many accessories that a gravity water supply can be connected to a toilet, which can use water by gravity to fill the toilet tank.



Danze DC013230BC Orrington Elongated Toilet Bowl with Soft Close Seat, Biscuit (Bowl Only)
Danze DC013230BC Orrington Elongated Toilet Bowl with Soft Close Seat, Biscuit (Bowl Only)




Water supplies by gravity

gravity water systems, as the name implies, use the force of gravity to maintain water pressure along a pipe network instead of a pressurized water system that uses a pump or other hydraulic means to maintain the Water moving through the pipe network. Gravity water supply maintains a water reservoir stored higher than the pipe network to maintain this pressure. An example of this type of systems are the visible water towers on top of residential buildings and other structures.

Hygienic operation

Toilets pulled into the water from the pipe network through a plumbing fixture is called a toilet tank fill valve. A mobile float connected to the filling valve rises and falls on top of the water in the measuring tank that is filled. When the water reaches the proper level in the reservoir, the float signals the filling valve to shut off the water supply. After the tank is emptied, the float sinks again, indicating the fill valve to open and refill the tank.

Tap water for the toilet

Gravity water supply pipes connect to the bathroom by running through any floors or intermediate walls. If feeding through a wall, notches are cut into the wall studs so that the pipes sit inside the wall space, and drywall can be placed on top of the wall studs uniformly. In some countries, water pipes to the toilet bowl run along the outside of the walls.

Connecting the Gravity supply pipe

Crown the end of the water supply line by gravity with a water supply valve, which will allow you to cut the water supply for the bathroom without having to interrupt the water supply for the rest of the house. Wrap the inlet on the bottom of the toilet fill valve with plumber's tape, and do the same with the outlet of the water supply valve. Connect a flexible tube between the two by screwing the couplings into the inlet and the thread outlet.

KOHLER K-4309-96 Cimarron Comfort Height Elongated Toilet Bowl with Class Five Flushing Technology, Biscuit

The addition of water to the back of a toilet tank

The back of a toilet consists of a tank that contains the water that is used when flushing the toilet. The water drains from the tank to the bowl when the chain is pulled, pushing the water from the bowl and the contents down the drain. If the water level of the tank is too low or if you need more water to add pressure to push down contents of the cup that are not easily flushing, you can add water to yourself. This is not a permanent solution for a toilet that eliminates incorrectly or is always running.



KOHLER K-4309-96 Cimarron Comfort Height Elongated Toilet Bowl with Class Five Flushing Technology, Biscuit
KOHLER K-4309-96 Cimarron Comfort Height Elongated Toilet Bowl with Class Five Flushing Technology, Biscuit




Instructions

1 Remove the top cover of the toilet tank. Consider the water level in the tank.

2 Pull the chain while looking inside the toilet tank. Write down where the water level stops. Observe the inside wall of the toilet tank for a watermark or a fading line.

3 Locate the water overflow tube in the tank - a small tube on the top of the tank that deflects the water when the level is too high.

4 Slowly pour the water into the toilet tank until it reaches the level of water discoloration or until it is about one inch below the opening of the overflow tube.

5 Rinse the bathroom to clean the toilet bowl and inspect the level of water that rises in the tank. Add more water if necessary.

Tips and warnings

  •     If the water level is consistently low, this may indicate a problem with the toilet itself. If the arm of the float in the tank is not rising or falling, you may need a replacement. If the water runs constantly, it means that the seal flap locking the hole in the bottom of the tank is loose or misaligned. It can also mean that the float arm is perfectly aligned or broken and must be replaced.
  •     Do not overfill the toilet tank as this could cause overflow.
  •     Use a plunger to unclog a clogged toilet before using the water tank filling method.

Gerber Plumbing 21-372 Gerber Ultra Flush Watersense Elongated Toilet Bowl Only, White

Toilet tank settings

Although the exterior design of the bathrooms vary, the vast majority of the bathrooms have a fairly basic tank design. When the handle of the toilet is depressed, a chain attached to a ball at the bottom of the toilet tank rises and allows the water inside the tank to enter the toilet bowl. As the water refills the tank, the level is controlled by a float valve, which then converts the water to the specified level. The vast majority of tank problems can be traced back to one or more of these components, and usually the problem can be solved only with a small adjustment.



Gerber Plumbing 21-372 Gerber Ultra Flush Watersense Elongated Toilet Bowl Only, White
Gerber Plumbing 21-372 Gerber Ultra Flush Watersense Elongated Toilet Bowl Only, White




Adjustment of the elevator or chain cable

The bathrooms have either a chain or a cable that connects the handle to the rubber ball or the flap located on the bottom of the tank. If the toilet does not discharge or will not completely eliminate, probably the chain has stretched or the cable has to be straightened. The chain length is adjusted by replacing the chain with one of a different length. Change the chain with one that allows approximately 1/2 inch of slack. Unhook each end of the old chain from the rubber or hinge ball and link the handle to remove it, then connect the ends of the new chain to the components. If the toilet has a wire instead of a chain, straighten the wire by bending it.

Handle adjustment

If the handle of the toilet is difficult to push or sticks when depressed, the handle probably needs to be cleaned and adjusted. Note that a nut secures the back of the handle to the inside of the tank. Turn the nut clockwise with a wrench to remove it. Do not turn the nut in the opposite direction, as the threads are reversed. Rub the nut and the back of the handle with a brush soaked in vinegar to remove any build-up of lime. Turn the nut counterclockwise on the back of the handle to tighten the nut on the handle. Tighten the nut only until the nut is tight, or else the handle will be difficult to depress.

Adjusting the water level in the tank

If the toilet runs continuously, it is very likely that the water level inside the tank needs to be lifted. The water level is determined by the rubber ball or float inside the tank called a "float valve." Most ballcocks are suspended inside the tank by means of a metal arm. Bend the arm to lift the float valve. Other float designs have a metal rod attached to the side of the float valve with a clip. Slide the clip up along the length of the bar to adjust the height of the float valve. Finally, some bathrooms have a float valve without a float mounted on the bottom of the tank. Note that a single screw is located on the back of the float valve. This screw adjusts the water level. Turn the screw clockwise, 1/2 turn at a time, with a screwdriver to raise the water level.

Adjustment of the discharge valve ball

The discharge valve is the opening in the bottom of the tank that tank water flows through when the toilet handle is stepped on. Pressing the handle causes a rubber ball on the bottom of the cable or the lifting chain to rise out of the discharge valve and allow water to drain out of the tank. If the tank is run continuously after adjusting the water level, this ball may need to be adjusted, as it is likely not to seal against the discharge valve. Note that the ball is suspended by a metal guide arm on the discharge valve. The guide arm has a single adjustment screw. Loosen the screw with a screwdriver and move the guide arm until the balloon is placed directly on the discharge valve and the bottom of the ball rests inside the opening of the relief valve, then tighten the arm screw guide.

American Standard 3189.016.020 Colony FitRight Elongated Toilet Bowl, White (Bowl Only)

My toilet tank will not fill with water

If you find that the toilet tank will not fill with water, the problem could involve the water supply for the toilet or the toilet fill valve. Your city or municipality can supply water to your home. Water pipe breaks or other problems in your area could cause an interruption in your service. The fill valve in the tank is connected to your home's water supply and the toilet is filled, as needed. If the water is working in the rest of the house, a defective filling valve could be stopping the toilet tank from filling up with water.



American Standard 3189.016.020 Colony FitRight Elongated Toilet Bowl, White (Bowl Only)
American Standard 3189.016.020 Colony FitRight Elongated Toilet Bowl, White (Bowl Only)




Instructions

1 Check the water supply for the other accessories, such as kitchen and bathroom sinks. If these are not working, there is a problem with the main water supply. Call a plumber to help determine where the problem is with your principal.

2 Check that the water supply for the toilet is working. Locate the water supply valve behind the toilet; A hose or pipe connects the valve to the toilet cistern. Open the tap at the end of the valve until the end by turning it to the left.

3 Turn the water supply for hygienic control all the way to the right to cut the water for the bath. Remove the toilet lid. Download the bathroom. After unloading, continue to hold the lever until all the water in the toilet is gone. Use a towel to wipe off any excess water.

4 Place another towel on the floor under the tank. Unscrew the coupling that connects the hose or pipe to the tank, using the tongs. Remove the plastic retaining nut located above the coupling of the hose or pipe. Remove the toilet fill valve from the tank.

5 Insert a new fill valve into the tank. Make sure the gasket is level with the bottom of the tank. Hold this in place with one hand, or have an assistant to hold it for you.

6 Tighten the plastic retaining nut on the bottom of the new filling valve. Fix it in place with the pliers.

7 Wrap the threads of the new fill valve with plumber's tape. The excess is removed. Reconnect the water supply line or the hose coupling to the wrapped wires. Tighten the connection with the pliers.

8 Turn on the water supply knob by turning it counterclockwise. Watch as the tank fills up and check for leaks. Tighten any couplings with pliers as necessary. Pull the chain and make sure everything is working correctly. Put the cover again.

Tips and warnings

  •     Do not try to repair a broken fill valve. Many old filling valves do not incorporate anti-siphon technology and trying to repair one of these could violate local building and plumbing standards.

SANIFLO SANIACCESS 3 UPFLUSH MACERATOR PUMP + ELONGATED TOILET KIT, WHITE FINISH

My toilet tank has a sound that escapes

If a leakage noise comes from inside the toilet cistern, the most likely cause is a worn fin. When the handle is activated, the fin is raised, which covers a hole in the bottom of the tank, and allows the water to flow out of the tank and into the container. When the handle is released, the hinge covers the hole and allows the tank to be refilled. If the trap is used, the water will seep into the container and make a noise leak.



SANIFLO SANIACCESS 3 UPFLUSH MACERATOR PUMP + ELONGATED TOILET KIT, WHITE FINISH
SANIFLO SANIACCESS 3 UPFLUSH MACERATOR PUMP + ELONGATED TOILET KIT, WHITE FINISH




Instructions

1 Locate the shut-off valve below the toilet tank and turn it all the way to the right to shut off the water supply to the tank. Remove the lid of the tank to gain access to the interior of the tank.

2 Pull the chain to remove water from the tank. Because the water supply is off, the tank does not fill.

3 Pull the stirrup fin. The fin is attached to the support by means of two plastic pins. Do not pull the pins too far apart or break the bracket.

4 Remove the chain from the top of the trap. The chain can be attached to the hinge with a clip. Alternatively, the end of the chain can slide into a slot in the trap. It is possible to extract the chain by hand or with a pair of pliers.

5 Place the new flap on the end of the chain in the same way as the previous one is attached.

6 Slide the new fin into the pins of the bracket.

7 Open the water supply and let the tank fill with water. Pull the chain two or three times to test the new fin. Replace the tank lid.