Hemorrhoidal disease affects more than 60% of the population over 50 years.
Hemorrhoids are normal anatomical formations, pads of submucous tissue where the venules and arterioles of the anal canal are contained, with which all humans are born, but when they become symptomatic, that is, they become inflamed, itchy, it hurts or bleeds. which is called hemorrhoidal disease.
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Dr. Claudio Wainstein, specialist in coloproctology at Clínica Las Condes, indicates that more than 60% of the population over 50 years old will suffer from hemorrhoids symptoms. Why? Factors such as diarrhea and constipation, difficulty in the evacuation and abuse of laxatives, prolonged efforts, obesity, sedentary life, pregnancy and childbirth, circulatory disorders, abuse of alcohol, spicy foods and coffee may favor its appearance.
"Most symptoms are produced by the prolapse (slippage) of the anorectal mucosa in and out of the anal canal. The prolapse of the mucosa and internal hemorrhoids in the anal canal cause the pressure of the sphincter on these structures to determine an alteration of the blood flow, which predisposes to the 'thrombosis' (clots inside the blood vessels) "
- Dr. Claudio Wainstein
Types of hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are classified as external, internal and mixed. External hemorrhoids (covered with skin) are seen outside the anal canal, and internal hemorrhoids (covered by mucosa) are located inside the anal canal and can only be seen if they prolapse out of the canal. "Internal hemorrhoids bleed and prolapse, giving a sensation of mass in the anal canal, pain, discharge and may produce a feeling of lack of continence. Patients notice that hemorrhoids are coming out with defecation, "he says.
External hemorrhoids usually do not bleed, but they can thrombosed (produce clots inside the blood vessels) and cause great pain. "Although external hemorrhoids can in a few cases be necrotic and cause a serious complication, most thrombosed hemorrhoids are resolved with medical treatment, without the need for surgery," says the doctor. But there may be areas of redundant skin, which may cause itching and difficulty to perform a proper toilet.
"Symptoms usually include increased local volume and inflammation, pain in relation to defecation or the presence of hemorrhoidal mass and defecatory and / or spontaneous anal bleeding, which may be scarce or, in cases of continued over time, reach to chronic anemia. Severe bleeding may occur in some patients, "adds the specialist.