EBL 8 Pack AAA Ni-MH Rechargeable Batteries AAA Batteries ProCyco Technology (Typical 1100mAh, Minimum 1000mAh)

What is a battery? How does it work ?

Electrochemical equipment used to store and convert chemical energy into an electrical form is called a battery. The batteries consist of one or more electrochemical cells, such as fuel cells or flow cells.

The oldest known man-made batteries are those made in Baghdad. B.C. It is estimated to have been built between 250 and 640 AD. The development process began in 1800 with a Voltaic battery developed by an Italian physicist, Alessandro Volta. Worldwide, the battery industry has reached a turnover of US $ 48 billion in 2005, which is now very large.

In general, batteries are divided into two as Non-rechargeable and Rechargeable batteries. Disposable (non-rechargeable) batteries;

Zinc carbon; used in low-cost, low-energy processes,

Zinc chloride is used in processes that last less than zinc carbon battery,

Alkaline “long life lar used in processes that require more power,

Silver oxide; commonly used in hearing aids

Lithium; they are generally used in digital cameras and are widely used in watches and computer clocks.

Mercury; usually used in digital watches,

The thermal battery has a high temperature storage structure and is generally used in military applications.

Rechargeable;

The lead acid battery is charged and used continuously in vehicles, alarm systems and uninterruptible power systems.

Lithium ion; is quite common. High charging capacity. It is used in portable digital devices such as laptops, mobile phones, music players and many more.

The lithium-ion polymer has the basic characteristics of a lithium-ion battery, the difference being that it has less charge density.

Nickel metal hydride is used in all applications of Li-Ion and Ni-MH battery types. These types are able to be recharged many times (approximately 1500 times) but store less energy than other types.

The structure that the batteries come together to form is called a battery. It was widely used in lamp radio receivers before the 1960s. Today, they are widely used in portable computers. On the other hand, mobile phones used 3-cell batteries when they came out, but today almost all phone models use single-cell lithium-ion types, but we still call them batteries. You need a habit.

For over 250 years of development, batteries are among the most expensive sources of energy. It can contain very expensive products and even risky chemicals in its structure. For these reasons; because it contains chemical substances can affect human metabolism can have no unpleasant consequences. Nowadays, centers have been established in order to carry out studies for the recycling of toxic substances in used batteries.

It is possible to make batteries from lemon or other acid-containing fruits. These types are called voltaic batteries as a result of converting chemical energy into electrical energy. Batteries are made using the logic of placing two separate metals in an acidic solution. In this way, when a lemon, for example a zinc-plated nail and a copper coin is dipped, the lemon juice forms the required acid solution and can generate electricity, but the electrical energy produced is very weak and is light enough to provide a light glow even in LED lights.

40Axx
EBL 8 Pack AAA Ni-MH Rechargeable Batteries AAA Batteries ProCyco Technology (Typical 1100mAh, Minimum 1000mAh)

Duracell - CopperTop AA Alkaline Batteries - long lasting, all-purpose Double A battery for household and business - 8 count

How can waste batteries be recycled?

Disposal of household garbage is one of the most attention to be disposed of, hazardous chemicals contained in the dangerous batteries that contain.

It is possible to recycle used waste batteries and the number of batteries collected on recovery is increasing in our country. Between 2007 and 2016, this figure tripled and reached 720 tons. Although this is good news, it is important that none of the waste batteries containing harmful chemicals are released into the environment and that all batteries are recycled.

What are the harmful effects of waste batteries on human and environmental health?

Even if the batteries do not cause any damage during use, if they are disposed of with other waste after the end of use, there is a possibility that their outer containers will rupture. This causes the metals and chemicals they contain to enter the soil and water and pollute the environment. At the same time, heavy metals such as mercury and cadmium can be mixed with food sources and cause harm to human and environmental health.

Why should I recycle waste batteries?

The danger of waste batteries to the environment and human health is caused by these heavy and semi-heavy metals, including mercury and cadmium.

It is not possible to reduce the proportion of cadmium in the batteries, only in the nickel / cadmium type rechargeable batteries. That's why there are restrictions on the devices that use these batteries. Experts predict that such batteries will no longer be available to individual consumers in the next 5 to 10 years.

The mercury content of the batteries is the most consumed battery types, zinc / carbon and alkali / manganese. As a result of pressure from environmental organizations and consumers, mercury in the batteries has been reduced rapidly. The maximum acceptable value for batteries today is 0.0005% (5 ppm). This means that there is about 5 grams of mercury in one ton of waste battery. The importance of controlled disposal of used batteries is of great importance as the number of waste batteries will increase and the proportion of mercury to the environment will increase.

However, the batteries still contain semi-heavy metals such as zinc, iron, manganese, nickel, lithium, cobalt, copper, aluminum, and various chemical solutions, and therefore waste batteries must be collected and disposed of separately.

It is recommended not to dispose of waste batteries in recycling bins. If a damage to the outer container of the batteries occurs, it can damage other recyclable waste. We therefore recommend that you store your waste batteries in a separate box.

How can I recycle waste batteries?

With a regulation published in 2004, the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Forestry appointed some organizations to collect waste batteries. The only organization authorized for portable batteries from these organizations is the TAP Association, established in 2004.
TAP collects waste batteries through various types of boxes and bins available at collection points across the country. You can drop your batteries at the battery collection points in schools, universities, supermarkets, hospitals and pharmacies.

Migros Virtual Market Waste Battery Campaign

In addition, Migros Virtual Market; Within the scope of the new project that started in Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir, while delivering products at the door to customers who shop, it also takes waste batteries and delivers them to recycling centers.

In the campaign, where waste oils are also delivered, the wastes collected by customers are collected in waste batteries and vegetable waste oil accumulation equipment in Migros Virtual Market vehicles and these wastes are delivered to TAP Association, which is responsible for batteries, and vegetable waste oils are delivered to DEHA.

In return for vegetable waste oils delivered to DEHA, donations to TURMEPA Marine Clean Association contribute to the project of cleaning the seas.


39Axx
Duracell - CopperTop AA Alkaline Batteries - long lasting, all-purpose Double A battery for household and business - 8 count

Panasonic BK-4MCCA8BA eneloop AAA 2100 Cycle Ni-MH Pre-Charged Rechargeable Batteries, 8 Pack

Waste Batteries Disposal and Recycling

Disposal and Recycling of Waste Batteries

IMPORTANCE OF RECYCLING WASTE BATTERIES

Since waste batteries do not show biological degradation, they cannot be disposed of by composting methods. Likewise, waste cells are not preferred for incineration because they do not burn well due to their structure and as a result they do not show sufficient shrinkage in their mass.

Controlled storage of waste batteries under or above ground is still practiced in many countries. However, after the waste batteries are classified according to their chemical structure, it is best to dispose of them by recycling processes.

The fact that EU countries' metal and metal sprouts needs are dependent on imports in the order of 80 -100% (eg nickel 86%, cobalt 95%) and the fact that batteries constitute the richest resources following primary metal shoots and alloys in terms of metal contents have been realized in a short time and In the latest Directive 2006/66 / EC published on 26 September 2006, the obligation to recycle waste batteries was clearly emphasized. On the other hand, it is also important that the amount of energy consumed in the process of obtaining metals from metal shoots is much higher than that required for the recycling of waste batteries.

RECYCLING TECHNIQUES

The objectives of recycling portable waste batteries are to protect the receiving environment from harmful emissions from waste batteries, to prevent heavy metals from entering the soil or water, and in particular to generate economic benefits by recycling certain precious metals within the batteries.

From the recycling of portable waste batteries, zinc and zinc compounds, manganese compounds, ferromanganese, ferronickel, nickel, cadmium and cadmium compounds, lithium, silver, cobalt and few rare earth elements are recycled in several large capacity plants. The recycling of mercury and mercury compounds has lost its importance as a result of the extremely reduced amount of mercury present in zinc-carbon and alkaline batteries.

Recycling methods can be mechanical, hydrometallurgical (chemical / physical) or pyrometallurgical (thermal). In the hydrometallurgical processes, it is possible to achieve a much higher degree of purity than in thermal processes. On the other hand, recycling efficiency in thermal processes is much higher.

MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL SEPARATION

SITUATION IN TURKEY

A project titled esi Disposal of Waste Batteries and Development of Recycling Technologies ”was initiated in 2009 by TÜBİTAK Chemistry Institute. In this project, the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization is the customer institution and TUBITAK MRC is the executive organization. The aim of the project is to recycle waste zinc-carbon / alkali-manganese type batteries by various physical and hydro-metallurgical processes. EXITCOM Recycling Company was established in Kocaeli in the second half of 2017.

DISPOSAL OF WASTE BATTERIES

Recycling plant under turkey in place all waste batteries collected before installing or built on the place in controlled manner by storage in a sanitary landfill and mono- are disposed substantially by TAP.

Disposal of landfill waste storage area in Istanbul Sile / Komurcuo

(2010 and later)

Disposal in underground warehouses in İstanbul Kemerburgaz

(2006 - 2010)


38Axx
Panasonic BK-4MCCA8BA eneloop AAA 2100 Cycle Ni-MH Pre-Charged Rechargeable Batteries, 8 Pack

Duracell - CopperTop AA Alkaline Batteries-16 count

Wondering about batteries

We have examined the types of batteries in most of the portable devices we use and the differences between these types for you.

T he different types of components in our computers, such as the display card and the hard disk, are constantly undergoing refurbishment, but they do not change much. On the other hand, peripherals are constantly redesigned to offer different features and innovations. User-friendly devices that are portable, with the exception of peripherals that depend on computers, are becoming increasingly common. Technologically progressive progress makes smart devices indispensable. The best example of this is smart devices that combine features like audio recording, video player and camera. These smart devices are of such a type that they can fit seven different features into a single volume. These devices are of course called MP3 players but they combine many different features.

Image MP3 players are highly ingenious

Most of the MP3 players, which are the subject of this month's test, have the following features: Playing digital music files, stereo FM radio, audio recording with built-in microphone, MP3 format audio recording via FM radio or audio input, USB portable memory, foreign language learning function and speak card reader card reader. Combining all these features, these devices can be used without any problems for years. All you need is a computer to transfer music files. Of course you might need something else. Even if some of these devices have a built-in rechargeable battery, some of them work with a pen battery (AA) or thin type battery (AAA). The advantage of internal batteries is obvious; but there are some disadvantages of this situation. For example, when you go on a long journey and the battery runs out, you need electricity or a computer for charging.

On the contrary, if you have a product that uses AA or AAA batteries, you can continue to enjoy your music without interrupting by inserting the spare batteries in your pocket. This applies not only to MP3 players but also to digital cameras, wireless keyboards - mice and wireless headsets. This is due to the fact that there are many different brand products and many different types of batteries in the market.
the general situation in Turkey

In Turkey the market is located approximately 90 different brands of batteries. However, at most 15 of these brands are known. It is also possible that some of these brands are produced by the same companies. These products, which have different names but the same features, can try their luck in different markets and with different marketing techniques. Consumers are often in demand for disposable batteries. The reason for this is the favorable prices of these batteries ranging from 500 thousand - 2 million TL. These one-time batteries use two different technologies; zinc - carbon and alkaline batteries. Zinc-carbon batteries, which can be produced much cheaper, have a long history. These batteries have the shortest life span of all types due to their technical limitations. On the other hand, alkaline batteries have 5 to 10 times more life than zinc - lead batteries. Since most users are not aware of this performance difference, approximately 90 percent zinc - lead batteries are sold throughout the market.

Voltage difference is insignificant
The voltage for rechargeable batteries is 1.2 Volt. The use of this type of battery does not adversely affect the performance of the devices. Although non-rechargeable batteries, known as 1.5 Volts, can only offer this voltage at the beginning, but over time, the voltage drops. The voltage drop in rechargeable batteries is slower. Do not store rechargeable batteries that will not be used for long periods of time. Even if you have fully charged these batteries, they will discharge themselves within 2 to 3 months. For this reason, it is useful to charge unused rechargeable batteries from time to time.
Capability concept

Image When we say shallow, we understand the total capacity of a battery. For example, if you use a battery with a capacity of 500 mAh on a radio with a power consumption of 100 mA, the battery is expected to run out after 5 hours. The current value of 100 mA is indicated on the instrument or can be calculated using the instrument's power consumption. If the specified power rating for this radio uses two 0.3 Watt and 1.5 Volt pencil batteries, then the current value can be found as 0.1 A, ie 100 mA, since it is '0.3 = (2 x 1.5) x Current' from the 'Power = Voltage x Current' equation.
Ses Kapa

The capacity of zinc - carbon batteries is quite low. Alkaline batteries have 5 to 10 times higher capacity (up to 1500 mAh in AA batteries). Therefore, you can make the right choice by looking at how much power the device consumes. For example, devices such as the remote control and the watch consume very little energy and can run smoothly for several years even with zinc - carbon batteries. In such a case you can of course also use alkaline batteries. However, if you need to make an economical choice, you can turn to zinc - lead batteries.
Advantages of rechargeable batteries

Although we say economic for alkaline batteries, in the long run, it turns out that this is not true. For example, in some cases, you may need to replace the batteries of your MP3 player every two days. This may result in significant costs for you. That is why the interest in rechargeable batteries has increased exponentially in recent years. The rechargeable batteries, which can be recharged on average 1000 times, are divided into two main categories. Rechargeable batteries, known as nickel - cadmium, which are described as first generation, have reached their capacity limits. A disadvantage of nickel-cadmium batteries up to a maximum of 1400 mAh (AA batteries) is the memory effect, the capacity reduction due to misuse. Although nickel - cadmium batteries can reach very high current values, they may decrease in a short time as a result of misuse. Charging the nickel-cadmium batteries before they are fully discharged reduces battery life and capacity. You should not charge these batteries before they are fully depleted, and you should charge them immediately after they are finished.

Image Nickel-Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) batteries have capacities between 700 and 2300 mAh. It is not a problem to charge these batteries before they run out. Especially digital camera users should use Ni-MH batteries with a capacity of 2000 mAh and above. The same applies to MP3 players. Therefore, when choosing a rechargeable battery, we recommend that you pay attention to the type, capacity and number of rechargeable batteries. It is recommended to use compatible chargers to get the most out of rechargeable batteries and ensure long life. The biggest change in terms of chargers is the fact that charging times are gradually decreasing. Charging times of up to 15 minutes require very high current on the batteries. Although this kind of overloading and warming is thought to shorten battery life, you don't have to be afraid as long as the rules are followed and compatible batteries are used. The next generation devices are capable of automatically detecting the type of rechargeable battery used when the batteries are full. However, there is a risk of losing the capacity of these batteries when using different types of batteries. The car cigarette lighter adapter supplied with some of the chargers allows you to charge your batteries while in the car. The Camelion Smart Charger distributed by Evren Elektronik has this feature. On the other hand, it has protection features against overcurrent, overheating and battery insertion.

Image One of the biggest advantages of rechargeable batteries is that they do not cause environmental pollution. These batteries, which can be used for an average of 5 years, are not only economical but also extremely effective in terms of environmental protection.

We would like to thank Evren Elektronik for reviewing the products described in this article. http://www.camelion.com/

Making the right choice is a must
Batteries whose instantaneous current values ​​are not sufficiently high prevent even some high-powered devices, such as a digital camera, from operating. Unconscious users may even think that their devices are too inadequate. This is why it is essential to use battery types recommended by manufacturers (alkaline batteries are recommended many times). The so-called Ultra Alkaline versions of alkaline batteries are especially suitable for high-power devices. In some cases, users who don't know the differences between batteries can even opt out of using a particular brand. A person who is not satisfied with the zinc - carbon batteries of a particular company or who has purchased careless products beyond the expiry date may think that all of the products of this company are insufficient. Knowing the differences between batteries and being a conscious consumer is always an advantage.

37Axx
Duracell - CopperTop AA Alkaline Batteries-16 count

Panasonic BK-3MCCA16FA eneloop AA 2100 Cycle Ni-MH Pre-Charged Rechargeable Batteries, (package includes 16AA blue or 16AA white)

How to Clean After Alkaline Battery Leak?

If a disposable alkaline battery leaks into personal electronic components, the leakage device may ruin it. Most cylindrical batteries, including AAA, AA, C, and D cells, are alkaline like most button-type batteries that fit watches and hearing aids. The alkali chemical in these batteries is potassium hydroxide. This chemical is toxic and irritating, but you can neutralize it with an acid and clean it without causing much trouble. Caution: In alkaline battery leaks, you are using a different substance than you would in acid battery leaks. There is a possibility that your leaking battery may contain acid electrolyte. If so, the safe will show it and you should not use an acid to neutralize it.

Wear chemicals in alkaline batteries can destroy electronic equipment.
Step 1

Remove the leaking battery from the device. Potassium hydroxide does not burn your skin, but it can irritate and damage your eyes, so wear rubber gloves and goggles.
Step 2

Put vinegar or lemon juice in a spray bottle. Both are weak acids that will neutralize the corrosive chemical in the leaking battery and their use is dangerous.
Step 3

Spray debris leaking from the battery and rub with a toothbrush. Use a paper towel to remove loose deposits, and to clean excess vinegar or lemon juice after cleaning.
Step 4

Repeat the process as many times as necessary to remove any battery build-up. Clean with a slightly moistened paper towel, then allow the cleaned device to dry for several hours.
Step 5

Use a similar procedure to clear the leak from the floor or desktop. Neutralize potassium hydroxide with vinegar or lemon juice, then rub with a toothbrush from the surface. When you are finished, wipe the area with a damp paper towel.


36Axx
Panasonic BK-3MCCA16FA eneloop AA 2100 Cycle Ni-MH Pre-Charged Rechargeable Batteries, (package includes 16AA blue or 16AA white)

Duracell - Quantum AA Alkaline Batteries - long lasting, all-purpose Double A battery for household and business - 20 count

How to Recharge Non-Rechargeable Batteries?

Non-rechargeable batteries were our biggest problem and now we have the solution. Ways to charge dead batteries. Do not dispose of non-rechargeable batteries when they are empty ... Your batteries…

Non-rechargeable batteries will no longer be able to charge. In particular, exhausted charges and batteries have caused everyone to have a bad day.

That's where the Disposable Batteries Recharger comes in. At $ 79.95, this product is capable of charging non-rechargeable batteries when they are normally empty. With a microprocessor, the device can automatically detect the type and status of the installed batteries and adjust the charging process accordingly. Alkaline batteries can be charged approximately 10 times, at the same time 6 AAA, AA, A, C or D type batteries or two 9-volt batteries to charge the compartment. Of course, not only alkaline batteries, but also NiMH or NiCd batteries can be recharged. Furthermore, it is possible to see the batteries' fullness level via the LCD screen.


35Axx
Duracell - Quantum AA Alkaline Batteries - long lasting, all-purpose Double A battery for household and business - 20 count

Energizer AA Lithium Batteries, World's Longest Lasting Double A Battery, Ultimate Lithium (8 Count)

Help Guide | Inserting the batteries

Inserting the batteries

Insert the batteries.
Slide the battery compartment cover up, insert two LR03 (size AAA) alkaline batteries (supplied) or two NH-AAA rechargeable batteries (not supplied) with the polarity in the correct direction, and close the cover.

note

Do not use manganese batteries in this IC recorder.
When replacing the batteries, make sure that both batteries are replaced at the same time.
If you do not intend to use the IC recorder for an extended period of time, remove the batteries to prevent damage from battery leakage and corrosion.

Hint

The battery indicator in the display window shows the battery status.

: “LOW BATTERY er flashes. Replace the old batteries with new ones.

: “LOW BATTERY” flashes and the IC recorder stops operating.
When replacing batteries, recorded files or alarm settings are not deleted even if you remove the batteries.
You can use two NH-AAA-B2KN rechargeable batteries (not supplied).


34Axx
Energizer AA Lithium Batteries, World's Longest Lasting Double A Battery, Ultimate Lithium (8 Count)

Duracell Procell PC1500 Alkaline-Manganese Dioxide Battery, AA Size, 1.5V, 24 Count

Why does the battery leak?

Battery leakage is an annoying situation that most of us face. So what exactly is the battery leakage? What causes this most often? Is there any harm to us? Does the quality of the battery affect the risk of battery leakage? You can find everything you wonder about in the following questions and answers.

1. What is battery leakage?

In order to discharge a small amount of gases during use, the batteries have a small hole that acts as a valve and is not visible from the outside. The leakage of the electrolyte inside the battery through this hole for various reasons is the leakage of the battery.

2. What causes battery leakage most often?

Incorrect use of the battery and improper handling of the battery, manufacturing failure, or use of a low quality battery.

3. Why is battery leakage harmful?

When the battery leaks, the electrolyte containing alkaline (base) potassium hydroxide will leak. Potassium hydroxide shows strong base properties and does all of its negative effects.

4. How can battery leakage damage people and devices?

Although the battery has negative effects for people of all ages, care must be taken especially for children. Discharge has a negative effect on the skin as it can cause high irritation. In particular, contact with eyes should be avoided. In devices, discharge can contaminate the device and cause high wear, rust, and even malfunction.

5. Does the battery quality affect the risk of battery leakage?

Materials used in battery manufacturing, design, manufacturing processes, quality controls, research and development directly affect the possibility of battery leakage. Therefore, the consumer should choose the brands he trusts.

Use Safely! Each Duracell battery has been checked for Leakage.


33Axx
Duracell Procell PC1500 Alkaline-Manganese Dioxide Battery, AA Size, 1.5V, 24 Count

Anker Alkaline AA Batteries, Long-Lasting & Leak-Proof with PowerLock Technology, High Capacity Double A Batteries with Adaptive Power and Superior Safety (24-Pack)

Can different types of batteries be used in the same device?

Can different types of batteries be used in the same device?
No. In the same device, alkaline, zinc-carbon and rechargeable batteries cannot be mixed. Battery leakage may occur.
Can old and new batteries be used together in the same device?
No. Using old and new batteries together in the same device may cause leakage. Replace the batteries in the device at the same time.
How can I understand the right VARTA Alkaline battery?

According to the products offered, finding the right battery is always complicated. The VARTA range makes selection easier. The VARTA has 2 types of batteries. Alkaline (primary) and rechargeable (NiMH) batteries.

VARTA Alkaline primary battery will not charge. Primary batteries are useful when long-term storage is required. VARTA alkaline batteries offer different products for different functions according to your expectations.

Max Tech batteries are suitable for high-tech devices and devices that require alternating energy such as MP3 players.
High Energy batteries are suitable for power-on devices such as a remote control or clock.
Longlife batteries are suitable for devices such as flashlights and alarm clocks that require low and continuous energy.
VARTA Professional Lithium batteries are suitable for analog and digital cameras. Due to its high performance, it is recommended to be used in professional devices.

We also provide the best communication by using symbols to make your choice easier. So, please do not hesitate to refer to pictograms!
Where can I dispose of my used alkaline batteries?

Batteries may be disposed of in electronic stores, supermarkets or shopping malls. Do not dispose of batteries in fire as this may cause an explosion.
Why not use the old battery with the new battery?
The performance of battery-powered devices is limited by the power of all batteries in the device. An old or weak battery may impair the performance of the product even if the other batteries in the device are new or fully charged.
How does the battery work?

Batteries may look simple, but distributing packaged power is a complex electrochemical process. When the device is switched on, electrons in the electric current begin to flow through the external circuit.

Then, the anode material, zinc, leaves unstable zinc ions behind and initiates a process called oxidation, which is given 2 electrons to each atom. After the electrons power the bulb, they re-enter the cell and combine with the active substance manganese dioxide to initiate a process called cell depletion.

The combined process of oxidation and reduction prevents the electrons from returning to the anode by balancing the external flow of the current.

This process is carried out by the action of negatively charged hydroxide ions contained in a water solution called electrolyte. Each electron entering the cathode reacts with MnOO form manganese dioxide. The electrolyte MnOO-reacts with water. In this reaction, water combines with the form MnOO-MnOOH to divide the hydroxide ions into electrolyte and hydrogen ions. The internal circuit is completed by the production of hydroxide ions during the cathode-anode current in the ionic current.
There, it is ensured that the electrons supplied to the external current and the unstable zinc ions formed in the anode merge. It produces zinc oxide and water. This completes the circuit (which is necessary for a continuous flow of electricity) and activates the flashlight.
Who Invented the Battery?

In 1748, the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta developed the first electrochemical cell. According to electronic devices, the term "battery" emerged with Franklin in the same year, mainly to describe a plurality of electrochemical cells. In 1791, while working at the University of Bologna, Luigi Galvani discovered that a frog muscle contracted when it touched a metal object. This phenomenon became known as animal electricity. With these experiences activated Volta positive plates (cathodes) such as zinc, lead, tin and iron; and initiated a series of experiments using copper, silver, gold, and graphite as negative plates (anodes), and invented the first battery, also known as volta, in 1800.
What's in the battery?

The battery is the result of an electrochemical process that converts stored chemical energy into electrical energy. The process takes place between three main parts of the battery such as anode, cathode and electrolyte. The anode is usually metal, the cathode is metal oxide, and the electrolyte facilitates ion flow.

Depending on the type of battery, the solution may be alkaline, zinc-air, zinc-carbon or etc. in the primary batteries, NiMH (Nickel Metal Hydrid) or NiCD (Nickel Cadmium) for rechargeable batteries.
Can the batteries remain in the devices for a long time?
No. Batteries should be removed when left in the device for a long time.
Where should batteries be stored?
Batteries should be stored in a cool, dry place. This should be avoided as temperature changes affect performance. Keep the batteries in their packages until they are used.
How to recycle batteries?

The battery must be recyclable when it becomes unusable. Most batteries are recyclable.

Alkaline batteries are recycled in the metal industry in steel, zinc, ferromanganese, etc. coating; NiCd / NiMH batteries are used in cadmium and nickel plating. Lithium-ion batteries recycled cobalt coating; button cells are used for mercury coating.

In 2006, the EU passed the Battery Directive to increase battery recycling. Approximately 70% of the batteries collected in the European recycling market are recycled. This ratio will increase in the coming years.
When should I remove the batteries from the device?
When should batteries be removed from devices:

If the device will not be used for several months
If the batteries are worn out (to prevent damage from battery leakage)
If the device is operated with mains power

How does cold affect batteries?
Batteries cannot produce much power when cold. Wait until the batteries reach normal temperature and try again before replacing the batteries.


32Axx
Anker Alkaline AA Batteries, Long-Lasting & Leak-Proof with PowerLock Technology, High Capacity Double A Batteries with Adaptive Power and Superior Safety (24-Pack)

EBL AA Rechargeable Batteries 2800mAh Ready2Charge Quality AA Batteries - 16 Counts

Battery How To ...

A battery is a device used to store chemical energy and convert it into an electrical form. Batteries consist of electrochemical devices, such as one or more electrochemical cells, fuel cells or flow cells.

The oldest known man-made batteries are Baghdad Batteries . It is estimated that it was built between 250 BC and 640 AD. The development of batteries began in 1800 with the Voltaic (Voltaic) battery developed by the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta.

The battery, which is one of the most important tools used today, was found by chance in 1800. Although information about electricity goes back to the 6th century BC, it was scientifically discussed for the first time in the 17th century. However, the type of electricity known until the 19th century is static electricity obtained by rubbing on a fabric or known as lightning electricity. In the 19th century, an electric current was added to it and a battery was invented to make continuous electric current possible. The initiator of this branch of electricity is Luigi Galvani (1737–1798), known for his famous frog experiment.

Galvani, who explained the results of his experiments in 1780 in 1791, put forward the theory of elektrik animal electricity.. This theory was created by observing that the nerves in the leg of a dead frog by coincidence contracted when cut with a scalpel. Accordingly, the cells that make up living things contained electricity.

Alessandro Volta (1745–1827), who continued Galvani's experiments in 1793, found that the frog-leg contractions were caused by two different metals. Stimulation of the leg was due to two dissimilar metals and the fluid contained in the cells. Then two different metals and liquids were needed to obtain electricity. Taking advantage of this, Volta took copper and zinc mines and placed sponges dipped in salt water between them and managed to obtain the electric current. So he found the battery called Volta Battery (1800).

Types

In general, batteries are divided into two as Non-rechargeable and Rechargeable batteries.

Disposable (non-rechargeable) batteries:
Zinc-carbon battery - Low cost - for low energy applications.
Zinc-chloride - Zinc-carbon battery lasts a little longer.
Alkaline battery - Alkaline / manganese “long-lasting” batteries can be used in applications that require more power.
Silver-oxide battery - Usually used in hearing aids.
Lithium battery - Usually used in digital cameras. It is also used in watches and computer clocks. It is very long-lasting, but expensive.
Mercury battery - Usually used in digital watches.
Zinc-air battery - Generally used in hearing aids.
Thermal (Thermal) battery - High temperature stores. It is important in military applications.
Rechargeable batteries:
Lead-acid battery - Used in vehicles, alarm systems and areas where uninterrupted power is needed.
Lithium-ion battery - It is quite common type. High charge density. Used in portable digital devices such as laptops, mobile phones, music players and more.
Lithium-ion polymer battery - Carries the basic characteristics of a lithium-ion battery, the difference is that it has less charge density. The chemistry of this battery is that it can create a place of use advantage according to the manufacturer's needs. (For example, ultra-thin battery)
Sodium-sulfur (NaS) battery
Nickel-iron battery
Nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery
Nickel-cadmium battery - can be used in all applications of the Li-Ion and Ni-MH battery types. This battery has a long number of charges (over 1500 times). However, it has less energy density than other types. Ni-Cd batteries are used in old technology and they are replaced by modern batteries due to memory problems. In addition, cadmium is limited and its use is limited.
Sodium-metal chloride battery
Nickel – zinc battery
Molten salt cell

Lithium Ion Battery How To ...

The battery groups formed by the batteries coming together are called “Batteries”. It was widely used in lamp radio receivers before the 1960s. Today, batteries are widely used in portable computers. In cell phones, 3 cell batteries were used when they came out. However, although almost all phone models currently use single-cell Lithium-ion batteries, they are incorrectly referred to as “batteries ile.
Battery production from fruit

It is possible to make simple batteries from lemon or other fruit containing acid. These types of batteries are called elektrik voltaic batteries nedeniyle because they convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Batteries are made with the logic of placing two different metals in an acidic solution. Accordingly, when a zinc-plated nail and a copper coin are dipped into the lemon, for example, the lemon juice forms the required acid solution and can generate electricity. However, the resulting electrical current is very weak and sufficient to provide a slight glow in the LED.
Environmental impact

Since its 250-year development, batteries have been among the most expensive sources of energy, and they contain very expensive products, sometimes even risky chemicals such as mercury, lead, and nickel. Therefore, as it is a chemical substance, it affects human metabolism and causes deadly reasons. Batteries can be dangerous and deadly if swallowed. Recycling centers have been established for the recovery of toxic substances from used batteries in most areas. risk.
Rohs Certificate

A document demonstrating the environmental compatibility of battery and battery waste, especially in order to limit the use of certain harmful substances in batteries, battery production and imports. Without this certificate, no importer or manufacturer can manufacture and import. With the Rohs Certificate, the following items are searched with batteries. These; Lead (Pb) Mercury (Hg) Cadmium (Cd) Hexavalent chromium (VI) (Cr (VI) Certain brominated flame retardants (BFR's) Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE's) These tests are performed by accredited laboratories.

31Axx
EBL AA Rechargeable Batteries 2800mAh Ready2Charge Quality AA Batteries - 16 Counts

ACDelco AA Batteries, Alkaline Battery, 48 Count - Recloseable

How are batteries used in electric vehicles?

How are batteries used in electric cars that are more environmentally friendly than internal combustion vehicles and how are these batteries arranged?

One of the most interesting subjects of recent times is electric vehicle technology. Electric vehicles expected to dethrone fuel vehicles are shown as more environmentally friendly.

So let's take a quick look at what kind of batteries are used in these vehicles and how they are mounted in the car.

First, the batteries used in electric vehicles must be rechargeable.

Batteries are generally divided into non-rechargeable and rechargeable batteries.

Disposable batteries are listed as follows:

Zinc-carbon battery
Zinc chloride
Alkaline battery
Silver-oxide battery
Lithium battery
Zinc-air battery
Thermal (thermal) battery

Reusable batteries that can be used are:

Lead-acid battery
Lithium-ion battery
Lithium-ion polymer battery
Sodium-sulfur (NaS) battery
Nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery
Nickel-cadmium battery

Lithium-ion batteries are the most preferred

Pb-acid (Lead-Acid), NiCd (Nickel Cadmium), NiMH (Nickel Metal Hydrate) and Li-ion (Lithium Ion) are commonly used in electric vehicles.

Compared to other battery technologies, lithium-ion batteries are preferred because they have significant advantages such as high rated voltage, high energy density, long life and no memory effect.

How big are these batteries and how are they installed in the vehicle?

Why does the battery consist of cells?

The answer is actually very simple. The cell model is used to dissipate heat and pressure, to prevent possible energy loss and damage to batteries. This system distributes the temperature condensations evenly to the cells, providing more battery charge and discharge cycles, increasing the life of the batteries.

At the same time, the center of gravity of the batteries in the middle of the car and the lower center of gravity is lower, which significantly increases the stability of the vehicle driving. Apart from this, it is an important advantage that the batteries can be easily inserted and removed, and thus easily replaced.


30Axx
ACDelco AA Batteries, Alkaline Battery, 48 Count - Recloseable