Battery How To ...
A battery is a device used to store chemical energy and convert it into an electrical form. Batteries consist of electrochemical devices, such as one or more electrochemical cells, fuel cells or flow cells.
The oldest known man-made batteries are Baghdad Batteries . It is estimated that it was built between 250 BC and 640 AD. The development of batteries began in 1800 with the Voltaic (Voltaic) battery developed by the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta.
The battery, which is one of the most important tools used today, was found by chance in 1800. Although information about electricity goes back to the 6th century BC, it was scientifically discussed for the first time in the 17th century. However, the type of electricity known until the 19th century is static electricity obtained by rubbing on a fabric or known as lightning electricity. In the 19th century, an electric current was added to it and a battery was invented to make continuous electric current possible. The initiator of this branch of electricity is Luigi Galvani (1737–1798), known for his famous frog experiment.
Galvani, who explained the results of his experiments in 1780 in 1791, put forward the theory of elektrik animal electricity.. This theory was created by observing that the nerves in the leg of a dead frog by coincidence contracted when cut with a scalpel. Accordingly, the cells that make up living things contained electricity.
Alessandro Volta (1745–1827), who continued Galvani's experiments in 1793, found that the frog-leg contractions were caused by two different metals. Stimulation of the leg was due to two dissimilar metals and the fluid contained in the cells. Then two different metals and liquids were needed to obtain electricity. Taking advantage of this, Volta took copper and zinc mines and placed sponges dipped in salt water between them and managed to obtain the electric current. So he found the battery called Volta Battery (1800).
Types
In general, batteries are divided into two as Non-rechargeable and Rechargeable batteries.
Disposable (non-rechargeable) batteries:
Zinc-carbon battery - Low cost - for low energy applications.
Zinc-chloride - Zinc-carbon battery lasts a little longer.
Alkaline battery - Alkaline / manganese “long-lasting” batteries can be used in applications that require more power.
Silver-oxide battery - Usually used in hearing aids.
Lithium battery - Usually used in digital cameras. It is also used in watches and computer clocks. It is very long-lasting, but expensive.
Mercury battery - Usually used in digital watches.
Zinc-air battery - Generally used in hearing aids.
Thermal (Thermal) battery - High temperature stores. It is important in military applications.
Rechargeable batteries:
Lead-acid battery - Used in vehicles, alarm systems and areas where uninterrupted power is needed.
Lithium-ion battery - It is quite common type. High charge density. Used in portable digital devices such as laptops, mobile phones, music players and more.
Lithium-ion polymer battery - Carries the basic characteristics of a lithium-ion battery, the difference is that it has less charge density. The chemistry of this battery is that it can create a place of use advantage according to the manufacturer's needs. (For example, ultra-thin battery)
Sodium-sulfur (NaS) battery
Nickel-iron battery
Nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery
Nickel-cadmium battery - can be used in all applications of the Li-Ion and Ni-MH battery types. This battery has a long number of charges (over 1500 times). However, it has less energy density than other types. Ni-Cd batteries are used in old technology and they are replaced by modern batteries due to memory problems. In addition, cadmium is limited and its use is limited.
Sodium-metal chloride battery
Nickel – zinc battery
Molten salt cell
Lithium Ion Battery How To ...
The battery groups formed by the batteries coming together are called “Batteries”. It was widely used in lamp radio receivers before the 1960s. Today, batteries are widely used in portable computers. In cell phones, 3 cell batteries were used when they came out. However, although almost all phone models currently use single-cell Lithium-ion batteries, they are incorrectly referred to as “batteries ile.
Battery production from fruit
It is possible to make simple batteries from lemon or other fruit containing acid. These types of batteries are called elektrik voltaic batteries nedeniyle because they convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Batteries are made with the logic of placing two different metals in an acidic solution. Accordingly, when a zinc-plated nail and a copper coin are dipped into the lemon, for example, the lemon juice forms the required acid solution and can generate electricity. However, the resulting electrical current is very weak and sufficient to provide a slight glow in the LED.
Environmental impact
Since its 250-year development, batteries have been among the most expensive sources of energy, and they contain very expensive products, sometimes even risky chemicals such as mercury, lead, and nickel. Therefore, as it is a chemical substance, it affects human metabolism and causes deadly reasons. Batteries can be dangerous and deadly if swallowed. Recycling centers have been established for the recovery of toxic substances from used batteries in most areas. risk.
Rohs Certificate
A document demonstrating the environmental compatibility of battery and battery waste, especially in order to limit the use of certain harmful substances in batteries, battery production and imports. Without this certificate, no importer or manufacturer can manufacture and import. With the Rohs Certificate, the following items are searched with batteries. These; Lead (Pb) Mercury (Hg) Cadmium (Cd) Hexavalent chromium (VI) (Cr (VI) Certain brominated flame retardants (BFR's) Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE's) These tests are performed by accredited laboratories.
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