HOW TO MAKE A PATIENT BED
Generally, patients spend most of the day in bed. Therefore, the clean and comfortable bed of the patient will affect the patient physically and psychologically. Patient bed should be tidy and clean. The following describes in detail how a patient bed should be made.
Making the bed: The bed can be made by one person or with the help of two people. Care should be taken to observe the body mechanics while making the patient bed. When making the patient bed, care should be taken to use easy-to-clean and durable materials.
Important Note: During the construction of the Patient Bed, platinum recommends opening the windows to ventilate the bedroom. When the room is ventilated, the patient bed is ventilated.
Materials to be used in Patient Bed Construction;
- Gloves
- Patient bed protective cover (Alez)
- Bed linen
- Linoleum
- Intermediate sheets
- Linens
- Blanket
- Pillow
- Pillowcase
- Pike
How to make an empty hospital bed?
- Hands are washed, dried, gloves are worn. This prevents contamination.
- The window of the room is opened and the room is ventilated. At the same time, the patient bed is ventilated during the construction of the bed.
- Clean bedding sets (bed top, bottom cover), bed sheet, linen sheet, intermediate sheet, blanket, bed linen, pillowcases and pique folded are kept next to the patient bed. The purpose of this is to provide convenience in bed construction and to prevent waste of time
- Borders of the patient bed are lowered for ease of application.
- To prevent contamination of the bed, the bed protector is laid on the mattress (mattress) by passing to the close side of the bed.
- For ease of application, Bed linen is taken, folded in quadruple width, folded on the bedside. The first floor is spread out on the opposite side of the bed, and the other floor is spreading towards the foot of the bed.
- In order to prevent the formation of bed sores and to ensure that the bed is tidy, the platinum bed is recommended to be tightened under the bed by making triangular corners.
- If necessary, the linoleum is placed in the middle of the bed (ready-made diapers can also be used).
- Intermediate sheets are laid on the intermediate linoleum (instead of the intermediate sheets, the bed linen can be doubled.) The linoleum and the linen on both sides of the bed are placed together under the tension. Objectives; To prevent contamination of beds and sets and prevent the formation of bed sores (decubitus)
- Blanket is put on the bed linen and laid on the sheets. The parts of the bed hanging from the sides are folded inward. Purpose of construction Prevent contamination of the blanket.
- Pike is placed on the bed linen, the edges are corrected curled under the bed with the foot bed linen. Objectives; To ensure regular beds
- Pillow cover is put on the pillow and placed on the bedside. It is made to create the bed arrangement and ensure the use of the pillow of the patient.
- Remove gloves, wash hands and dry. The purpose is to prevent contamination.
ATTENTION: When collecting dirty patient bed sets, tossing them and collecting them nicely, the microorganisms in the teams, skin rashes and the air into the environment. Therefore; while collecting bedding sets should be collected without hurling and their volumes should be reduced and thrown into the dirty cart.
Making the patient bed with the patient:
It is a system applied to change bed sets without removing bed dependent patients from patient bed. Apart from the materials used in the construction of an empty patient bed, it will help in making the patient bed; If necessary, the bolt or duck should be kept with you. Cleaning cloths also need to be kept in accordance with the need.
- The procedure for informing the patient is explained and permission is requested.
- During the construction of the patient bed, the patient's participation is ensured and communication is supported.
- Wash hands, dry and wear gloves to prevent contamination.
- To facilitate the application, bed linen is brought to the patient bed with a trolley or basket. Patient bed sets are taken according to the order of use.
- The window of the room is opened to allow ventilation of the room. Note that the room's door must be closed when the room window is opened.
- In order to facilitate the application again, tools such as whatnot, chairs and calling etc. are removed from the patient beds.
- To ensure the privacy of the patient, external images are prevented.
- The patient is asked if there is a need for discharge, if any, it is removed and cleaned first.
- If the patient needs to evacuate, the healthiest method is to clothe the patient. Sliders etc. inventory increases the risk of infection.
- After cleaning the patient's bottom is removed with gloves.
- The first thing to do to protect the privacy of the patient and prevent it from chilling is to cover the patient with diving.
- The collection of dirty bedding starts by pulling the blanket with bed linen under the pike to the foot of the patient.
- Blanket is removed from the bed linen and then put on the chair. To reduce the risk of infection in the linen, the dirty side is folded in and placed in the dirty bag.
- Starting from the remote area, the lower patient bed sets are loosened.
- The patient's pillow is removed and the sheath is removed and flipped again and thrown into the dirty bag. Pillows are put on the chair.
- The bearing border on the far side is removed. The patient is placed on the bed in the lateral position with the patient's back facing the nurse.
- Dirty bed linen is rolled or rolled up and pressed under the patient without disturbing the patient.
- Half of the clean bed linen is rolled or crimped and pressed against the patient.
- Linoleum and linen sheets are placed in the same way.
- Lift the bearing edge on the working side and move to the remote side. The bearing edge on the far side is lowered. The patient is turned laterally to the side where the clean bedding is placed.
- Dirty bed sets that we roll from under the patient are pulled and thrown into the dirty bag. Clean bed linen is pulled from the bottom of the patient towards the edge of the bed.
- The patient is placed in the supine position.
- All sides of the clean bedding are tightened and the corners are made triangular and compressed under the mattress.
- The corrected undercarriage must be taut and free of wrinkles. Relieve the patient. Prevent bed sores
- The blanket is laid over the patient with the head open.
- The blanket is placed inside the duvet with the corners of the blanket facing the corners of the duvet.
- Pike is covered on the bed linen with the patient's head open.
- Foot side is placed under the bed.
- Put a clean cover on the pillow.
- Etajer and calling bell are placed within the reach of the patient.
- Remove gloves, wash hands.
- Points to consider;
- Care is taken not to open the top while protecting the privacy of the patient.
- Screen or curtain is drawn around the patient bed.
- Room temperature is taken care of to prevent the patient from getting cold.
- The application is made by contacting the patient.
CHARACTERISTICS AND ARRANGEMENT OF THE PATIENT BEDROOM
In order to make patients feel comfortable and safe during the treatment process, patient beds should meet the requirements under appropriate conditions. In order for the patient to undergo a more efficient care process, it is important to arrange the bed in conditions that will increase the treatment efficiency. Patient bed models produced for patients may vary depending on the patient. Patient beds should be organized and organized. The patient must be electric and motorized to use the patient bed if necessary. Thus, the patient bed should be able to use the bed itself. While choosing from patient bed models, it is useful to choose an electric patient bed model.
There may be a single patient bed (single bed) or companion bed in the patient room.
How should the patient bed room be?
The Patient Bed should be designed to meet the physical and psychological needs of the patient and to allow the caregiver to perform the care of the patient comfortably.
The room where the patient bed will be placed should be at least nine square meters. Assuming that the companion sleeps in the same room, it should be at least fourteen square meters.
There should be a space-saving built-in cupboard in the patient room where the patient can put his / her special belongings.
The room should be designed so that the patient can be intervened at any time.
There should be at least one meter intervention area on the right, left and bedside of the patient bed. There should be at least thirty cm air passage at the head.
Ventilation and lighting of the room where the patient bed will be placed should be sufficient.
The wall color of the room where the patient bed will be placed should be selected from natural, soft and pastel colors in a way that will comfort the patient.
Patient bed rooms should be able to receive direct and sufficient amount of daylight, smooth and easy to clean walls and floors and be suitable for disinfection.
The patient bed wheels are rubber and the platinum bed recommends that all four have brakes. It is difficult to keep patient beds with four wheels without brakes, if there is play on the floor. In order to secure the patient bed without any problems, floor coverings should be preferred from durable, non-slippery and noise-preventing materials.
The patient bed should be easy to clean, durable and easy to move when necessary.
When arranging patient beds and room;
Regulation of physical environment
Ventilation of the room and patient bed
elucidation
good regulation of temperature and humidity should be considered.
1-) Regulation of Physical Environment
It is effective on the physical environment, human health and behavior. The regulation of the physical environment makes the patient feel safe, protected from accidents and infections, and the treatment process is comfortable.
The order of the physical environment should be soothing to the individual. The regularity of the physical environment also relieves the patient psychologically.
In the Patient Room;
There should be patient beds that are useful for the patient and can meet the physical needs of the patient.
Patient beds should be placed near the window according to the characteristics of the room.
The bedside table must have a drawer inventory or a patient dining table.
There should be a chair next to the patient bed so that the patient can sit as needed.
There may be a telephone and television in the patient's room for a better time. The platinum bed recommends that the patient bed be positioned so as not to interfere with watching television.
2-) Ventilation of Patient Bed Room:
The air of the closed room where the patient bed is located; It is polluted by the microorganisms that are scattered to the environment by the breath, sweat, smell, heat, humidity of the room. The oxygen of the air decreases and the carbon dioxide increases. In this case, the room should be ventilated.
In the environment of the patient bed; clean air, humidity and heat should be sufficient. The replacement of the ambient air with dirt and bacteria-free air is called ventilation. Ventilation is done in two ways. These; natural ventilation and artificial ventilation.
Natural ventilation of the Patient Bed Room: Before the ventilation process is performed, the procedure and its cause are explained to the patient. The patient should be protected from airflow and dressed according to room temperature. Doors and windows are ventilation by opening each other.
Artificial ventilation of the Patient Bed Room: It is provided by the use of ventilation systems. Special means are used in this type of ventilation. For example; air conditioners and ventilators can be used for this purpose. The patient is covered over the air conditioner or ventilator to protect it from the air flow while it is operating.
Ventilation also recommends that the platinum mattress be at least twice a day without crashing in the morning and evening.
The short stay in patient visits is an element preventing the room from being airless. The platinum bed recommends that the patient visit one at a time if possible and do not stay inside for long.
Patient Bed Room Things to consider for the prevention of bad odors:
Frequent replacement and keeping of patient bed sets is recommended, and platinum bed sets are recommended to be cleaned in a dry cleaner.
Keeping the materials used by the patient such as cups, spoons and forks in a clean and closed place
Giving importance to patient and patient bed hygiene
Cleaning the patient rooms with suitable materials
No smelling food (eg pickles, etc.) being introduced into patient rooms
Removal of residual nutrients from the room after meals
If the patient has changed dressing wastes should not be left in the room
If there is a flower vase in the room, its water should be changed every day.
There are ducks, sliders and so on. the bucket in the room is closed and the garbage bag is changed every day
3-) Illumination of Patient Bed Room: The desired level of illumination of patient bed rooms ensures that the patient is in a comfortable environment and that the procedures to be carried out are easy to carry out. Lighting is divided into natural and artificial lighting.
Patient Bed Room Natural lighting: The lighting obtained by using the sun. The sun plays an important role in health. The sun gives people joy, plays a role in the development of children; Gives natural heat and illuminates indoor areas and relaxes the person. The patient recommends the use of platinum bed windows and curtains to make the most of the sun in bed rooms.
Patient Bed Room Artificial lighting: Artificial lighting is the electricity provided by the lighting. In electrical lighting, it should be ensured that the light is not very bright and does not come directly into the eye. The general illumination of the environment should be sufficient. Adequate light in artificial lighting is important in creating a suitable environment for nursing care and treatment and ensuring safety. At night, the platinum bed recommends using light-emitting lamps that distribute light to the wall or ceiling so that patients are not disturbed by excessive light and are safe.
4-) Heat and Humidity in Patient Bed Room: Platinum bed is recommended to be 18-22 0C in patient bed rooms. This heat should be maintained in summer and winter. In summer, this heat is provided by opening the room door, window or by using cooling devices (air conditioning, ventilator, etc.). In winter it is maintained with central heating and air conditioning. In some applications, room temperature may need to be increased (such as a bed bath) .The cilia in the respiratory tract mucosa must be moistened with mucus to function. Drying in the mucosa increases susceptibility to infections. It is therefore important to moisten the inhaled environment. The humidity of the patient room air should be between 30-60%. If necessary, the humidity of the air breathing can be increased by special devices.
5-) Noise in Patient Bed Room: Noise is an important source of stress. Patients need a quiet environment in the hospital. Stimuli that may cause noise should be minimized in order not to disturb patients. 9 In the researches, it was found that the types of noise that disturbed the patients were the voice of personnel speeches, footsteps, patient shouts, telephone bell, food, dressing carts and elevator doors.
Some of the measures to be taken to prevent noise;
Making warnings that should not be spoken loudly,
Ensuring that the sound of the call systems is reduced in a way that does not interfere with communication,
To ensure that the wheels of moving vehicles are covered with rubber,
Choosing materials that do not transmit noise in material selection,
Appropriate warnings when there is noise,
Wearing silent shoes or slippers,
MATERIALS NEEDED IN THE PATIENT BEDROOM
The patient bed room should be designed and arranged to meet the needs of the patient. In the patient's room, patient bed, patient bed (mattress) patient bed sets (blankets, linens, pillows, etc.) chairs, oxygen system, if necessary, patient dining table is useful.
1- Patient Bed: According to the needs of patients, at least the head and foot tip should be raised and lowered. Controlled patient cots should be preferred and the control should allow both the patient's use and the caregiver's use. The feet are wheeled and should be able to move to the bedstead and when it is desired to be fixed, platinum bed recommends that all wheels should be braked as opposed to normal bedsteads. The patient bed should have a guardrail. Patient bed; at least the head and foot part of the shield, wheel, designed for patients with side railings are called beds.
2- Patient Bed (mattress): Patient bed to be used in the patient bed must be suitable for long-term bed. Bed models that minimize the formation of pressure sores should be preferred. For long-term use, the platinum bed 23 recommends the use of a mattress with a dance hardness, and an air bed to prevent wound formation in patients hospitalized for more than 10 hours per day.
3- Pillow: The pillow can be of various size and thickness. It is made of cotton, feather, fiber, sponge pieces and wool. Although useful and comfortable, wool pillow is not preferred because it is difficult to clean in hospital 10 conditions. The purposes of the pillow are; placing them under the head to sleep, positioning or supporting the patient, relieving the breathing of asthmatic patients and raising the extremities high. Viscoelastic pillows can be preferred for ease and comfort.
4- Pillow cases: The pillow case is used to prevent the pillow from getting dirty. It is made of cotton fabric or calico. The sheath must be slightly larger than the pillow to fit it comfortably.
5- Intermediate tarp: Intermediate tarp is used to prevent contamination of the patient bed. An average length of 70-80 cm and 60-70 cm width of linoleum, 40-50 cm wide fabric is added to the bottom of the mattress to compress. Disposable spacers are preferred. Linen sheets that cover the bed completely can be used in units where patient beds are frequently contaminated, such as emergency services, children's services and intensive care. Bed linen in contact with the bed and mattress protectors made of cotton material in contact with the patient are used.
6- Intermediate sheet: Intermediate sheet is used to cover the intermediate sheet. It is usually made two meters wide and one meter tall. If there is no intermediate sheet, the bottom sheet can be folded and used for the same purpose. Today, ready-made diapers are also used instead of intermediate tarp and intermediate sheet.
7- Bed linen: Bed linen is made of linen, cotton fabric or calico. The width and length of the bed sheet (mattress) can enter under the size. Today, sheets and corners with rubber edges are also used.
8- Duvet Cover: Duvet cover is made of cotton or calico fabric. It is used by passing a blanket. It should be large enough to accommodate blankets.
9- Pique: Pique is made of light, washable and cotton fabric. It is used with or as a single bed linen.
10- Blanket: Blanket is made of synthetic and wool blend. It is preferably used by passing through the linen. Can be used as a single. The light weight is preferred.
11- Dining table: Dining table, height adjustable, wheeled, easy movement of the bed on the table makes it easy to eat.
12- Chair: Chairs that the patient or companion can sit should be durable and comfortable. Seats should be preferred if possible. It should be preferred that it is easily cleaned and covered with microorganism free material.
13- Etajer: Etajer is a small cupboard with drawers where the patient can put his / her daily use goods such as glasses, water and napkins. patient bed
14AXX
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