Saturday, December 29, 2018

Biotin (Vitamin B7)

Biotin (Vitamin B7)

What is biotin?

Biotin is one of the B vitamins, also known as vitamin B7. It has been called coenzyme R and vitamin H, it is responsible for the health of the hair and skin. Biotin is water soluble, which means the body does not store it. It has many important functions in the body and general health benefits.



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What is it for?

It is required for the function of various enzymes known as carboxylases. These enzymes, which contain biotin, participate in important metabolic pathways, such as the production of glucose and fatty acids. A commonly recommended intake is 5 μg (micrograms) per day in infants and 30 μg in adults. This is equivalent to 35 mcg per day in lactating women.

Vitamin B7 deficiency is quite rare. However, some groups, such as pregnant women, may experience this mildly. Eating raw eggs can also cause a shortage, but you would have to eat lots of eggs for a long time. Raw egg white contains a protein called avidin, which binds to biotin and prevents its absorption. Avidin is inactivated during cooking.

Benefits of Biotin

Benefits of Vitamin B7

Vitamin B7 has several potential benefits, know some of them.

1. Metabolism of macronutrients

Biotin is important for energy production. For example, several enzymes need to function properly. These enzymes are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. They initiate critical steps in the metabolic processes of these nutrients.

Vitamin B7 plays an important role in:

Gluconeogenesis: This pathway allows the production of glucose from sources other than carbohydrates, such as amino acids. Biotin-containing enzymes help to initiate this process.

Fatty acid synthesis: Vitamin B7 supports enzymes that trigger reactions that are important for the production of fatty acids.

Amino Acid Degradation: Biotin-containing enzymes are involved in the metabolism of several important amino acids, including leucine

2. Fragile nails

The brittle nails are weak and easily shattered, split or cracked. It is a common disease and is estimated to affect about 20% of the world's population. Biotin may benefit people who suffer from brittle nails.

In one study, 8 people with brittle nails received 2.5 mg of vitamin B7 per day for 6 to 15 months. Nail thickness improved by 25% for the 8 participants. The nail tone was also reduced.

Another study of 35 people with brittle nails found 2.5 mg of vitamin B7 per day for 1.5 to 7 months, improving symptoms in 67% of participants.

3. Hair Health

Biotin for hair

Biotin is often associated with increased hair growth and healthier, stronger hair. In addition, studies prove that a lack of biotin can lead to hair loss, indicating that the vitamin is important for hair.

It is recommended that people with vitamin B7 deficiency take 30 to 100 micrograms (micrograms) per day. Infants and children with vitamin B7 deficiency would need a dose of less than 10 to 30 mcg, respectively. It has not been determined whether hair growth improves in healthy people.

4. Pregnancy and breast-feeding

Biotin is important during pregnancy and lactation. These stages of life are linked to a greater need for this vitamin. In fact, it is estimated that up to 50% of pregnant women may develop mild vitamin B7 deficiency. This means that it can easily affect your well-being, but it is not severe enough to cause noticeable symptoms.

Deficiencies in the metabolism of vitamin B7 in the body are believed to be present during pregnancy. Another major concern is that animal studies have shown that biotin deficiency can lead to birth defects during pregnancy.

However, do not forget to consult your doctor or nutritionist before taking supplements during pregnancy and during breastfeeding. Adding foods high in vitamin B7 to your diet does not carry risks.

5. Decreasing blood sugar in people with diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease. It is characterized by high blood sugar levels and impaired insulin function. Researchers have investigated how biotin supplements affect blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetics.

Some evidence suggests that vitamin B7 concentrations in the blood may be lower in people with diabetes compared to healthy people.

Studies in diabetics receiving only biotin gave mixed results. However, several controlled studies suggest that biotin supplements in combination with chromium ore may reduce blood sugar levels in some patients with type 2 diabetes.

6. Skin health

The role of biotin in skin health is not well understood. However, it is known that you may have red and scaly rashes if you are deficient.

Some studies also suggest that biotin deficiency can sometimes cause a skin disease called seborrheic dermatitis.

The role of vitamin B7 in skin health may be related to its effect on fat metabolism, which is important for the skin and can be affected if the vitamin is absent.

Bull

Before you think about buying biotin or any kind of supplement you should always consult your doctor. Vitamin B7 has no known interactions, but your doctor should confirm if there is any drug interaction with the vitamin and other medications you are consuming.

In addition, before adding a new supplement to your routine, your doctor may also provide more specific information about the dose and possible side effects.

Dosage

Age                            Dose

Newborn up to 6 months 5 mcg

Infants 7-12 months 6 mcg

Babies: 1-3 years 8 mcg

Children aged 4-8 years 12 mcg

Children from 9-13 years 20 mcg

Adolescents aged 14-18 years 25 mcg

Adults over 19 years 30 mcg

Pregnant 30 mcg

Breastfeeding, adolescents and women 35 mcg

Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin, excess of the vitamin in the body is eliminated by the urine. This makes a possible overdose unlikely. If you develop an unusual or unexpected rash after increasing your vitamin intake, contact your doctor. In rare cases, this is an indication of a possible overdose.

Your doctor will review the following to confirm an overdose:

low levels of vitamin C

low levels of vitamin B6

high blood sugar

decreased insulin production

Based on this information, the doctor confirms it can confirm if you are receiving too much vitamin B7, and reduce the recommended dose.

Biotinidase deficit

Biotinidase deficit

Definition of disease

Biotinidase deficiency is a late onset form of multiple carboxylase deficiency (see this term), a congenital biotin metabolism disorder which, if untreated, is characterized by convulsions, respiratory problems, hypotonia, rash, alopecia, deafness and developmental delay.



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Epidemiology

The prevalence of clinical biotinidase deficiency (BTD) is estimated at 1 / 61,000. The frequency of carriers in the general population is approximately 1/120.

Clinical description

The symptoms of BTD deficiency usually appear within the first few months of life, but the later onset was also described. Individuals with profound untreated deficiency (less than 10% of normal mean serum biotinidase activity) have variable clinical findings, including seizures, hypotonia, eczematous erythema, alopecia, ataxia, deafness, fungal infections, and developmental delay. Metabolically, untreated children may present with ketolac acidosis, organic acidemia (-uria) and mild hyperammonemia. Individuals with partial disability (10% to 30% of average normal BTD activity) without treatment may be asymptomatic, but during periods of stress, such as fever, illness or fasting, they may develop symptoms similar to those of individuals with profound BTD deficiency.

Etiology


BTD deficiency is caused by mutations in the BTD gene (3p25), resulting in the reduction or absence of BTD activity. This enzyme recycles free, non-protein bound biotin, which is required for various biotin-dependent metabolic processes. There are more than 150 mutations of the BTD gene known causes of BTD deficiency.

Diagnostic Methods

The disease is detected through neonatal screening when available. The other cases are diagnosed by clinical signs and symptoms and confirmed by the demonstration of serum-deficient BTD activity. Molecular analysis of mutations in the BTD gene is also possible. The symptoms of BTD deficiency overlap with those of other metabolic diseases, including holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency (see this term), isolated carboxylase deficiency, nutritional deficiency of biotin, zinc deficiency, and essential fatty acid deficiency.

Prenatal diagnosis

Prenatal diagnosis for at-risk pregnancies is possible and can be performed by enzyme analysis or by mutation analysis when the mutation is known. However, because it is a treatable disease, prenatal testing is not considered by most families.

Genetic counseling

BTD deficiency is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. For parents of affected children, genetic counseling is recommended. Parents are required asymptomatic heterozygous carriers. Siblings of patients with BTD deficiency should be tested for the deficiency even if they do not present symptoms.

Disease control and treatment

Oral, non-protein-bound oral biotin supplementation is the main treatment and improves symptoms in symptomatic patients, and avoids symptoms in those identified by neonatal screening or before symptoms develop. After the installation of some features, such as optic atrophy, deafness, or developmental delay, they may not be reversible with biotin treatment. Biotin treatment should be continued throughout life. Serious adverse effects of biotin therapy are not known. Patients and their families should be made aware of the importance of adherence to treatment. Ophthalmologic, neurological and metabolic periodic evaluations are recommended. Raw eggs should be avoided because of their avidin content (biotin-binding substance), but cooking inactivates the avidin binding effect.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with BTD deficiency is very good as long as they are treated before symptoms occur and are compliant with biotin therapy.

Rare diseases: Biotinidase deficiency

Rare diseases: Biotinidase deficiency

Understanding the Deficiency of Biotinidase

Once again, the Mother Who Loves Portal brings to the mother a disease that can reach her children from birth, the Deficiency of biotinidase .

Biotin is a necessary vitamin for the proper functioning of our body. The complexion of the human body is remarkable because many of the substance provided to our organism can come from food, the air we breathe, and even sunlight. Biotin fits as one of these elements.




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Biotin is regulated by the biotinidase enzyme, which is responsible for the vitamin cycle separating biotin from food proteins. In this way, the enzyme also allows biotin to be recycled several times, reducing the need for daily consumption.

This vitamin is particularly essential because it allows the carboxylase enzymes to perform their function, influencing the metabolism of some types of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

Therefore, we have two co-related enzymes, one is the biotinidase responsible for regulating biotin. The other is the carboxylase that requires this biotin for the proper functioning of the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

When there is a deficiency in one of the enzymes, in this case, the biotinidase, breaking all this cycle due to the malfunction of biotinidase. Thus, the biotin in food can not be used by the carboxylases. This congenital problem leads to the need for a diet with a lot of free biotin in the body since in its absence, problems begin to appear in the body in the most varied degrees, so stay tuned!

Symptoms of biotinidase deficiency

The lack of biotin in a child can have several consequences on his health and development. As a result, the child may present growth retardation, skin rashes, hearing loss, speech problems, and others.

As the disease can present singular symptoms, it is difficult to clinical diagnosis, when the examination is after the birth of the child because the disease can be diagnosed as early as the first days of life by the test of the foot.

The test is a right of every citizen and should be applied to every child in the territory of the Brazilian federation, read more about it here . The following is a list of other possible manifestations of the disease that denounce biotin deficiency.

  •     Severe hair loss (from the root);
  •     Hypotonia;
  •     Accumulation of lactic acid in the body;
  •     Loss of muscle coordination;
  •     Conjunctivitis;
  •     Vision problems;
  •     Tiredness;
  •     Excess of ammonia in the blood;
  •     Breathing problems;
  •     Fungal infections;
  •     Difficulty in feeding;
  •     Liver enlargement;
  •     Spleen enlargement;

These symptoms do not have a certain date to appear. There are cases of previous manifestations and others very late, but usually present during the third and sixth month of life.

It is noteworthy the severity of this congenital disease: the deficiency of undiagnosed and treated biotinidase can be classified as one of the causes of Sudden Death Syndrome in Childhood, but still need further studies for this fact.

How is the treatment?

The treatment itself is extremely simple. However, the increased risk and side effects are due to lack of diagnosis and treatment of enzyme deficiency in biotinidase. Therefore, it can be supplied with the direct intake of biotin. In children who were diagnosed early by the foot test , the incidence of health damage is practically nil. It is characterized by being the disease triada in the neonatal easier, cheaper and effective to take care of.

So stay tuned, it's always good to remember that just doing the little test can change a whole life!

Biotin | Vitamin B8 | Benefits, deficiency and foods with Biotin

Biotin | Vitamin B8 | Benefits, deficiency and foods with Biotin

Biotin is a vitamin belonging to the group of B vitamins, and, in fact , is known as vitamin B7, B8 or H , which is responsible for maintaining healthy metabolism and energy. This vitamin depends on the proper functioning of various systems , such as nervous, digestive and cardiovascular.

But in addition to being an indispensable nutrient to turn food into energy for our body's functioning, vitamin B7 is in charge of taking care of our skin and our hair . Therefore, many beauty products for biotin skin care, hair or nails include in their formulas .

However, it has been shown that vitamin B7 is better absorbed through the intake of foods rich in biotin than through the skin.



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Benefits of Biotin

Vitamin B7 is key to maintaining adequate physical and psychological activity , thanks to its function as a coenzyme that transforms fats, proteins and carbohydrates into energy for the body. But in addition, this vitamin has several benefits , among which stand out:


  •     Maintains a healthy metabolism Vitamin B7 regulates the functions of metabolism, since it helps the metabolization of nutrients from food. Thanks to biotin, the body can convert glucose and carbohydrate energy from sugar, as well as the amino acids of proteins and fatty acids from foods rich in fats.
  •     Helps balance blood sugar and glucose intolerance Biotin not only helps the body control the insulin needed to balance blood sugar, but also helps to slow the generation of glucose in the liver. It also helps to reduce the blood sugar of people with diabetes.
  •     Protects the cardiovascular system Vitamin B7 fights artery inflammation and cholesterol build-up in them, as well as fighting the main causes of heart attacks or strokes.
  •     Helps thyroid and adrenal functions Biotin, along with the rest of vitamin B, are necessary for the thyroid to function properly and to protect the body against adrenal fatigue. This is important because hunger, sleep, pain, mood ... depend on the thyroid and adrenal glands.
  •     Repair the tissues and muscles If there is any muscle damage or body tissue, vitamin B7 helps to repair and regenerate them. But it also helps reduce inflammation that causes pain in muscles and joints.
  •     Combats mental deterioration and protects brain functions Biotin participates in nerve activity and neurotransmitters, benefiting the function of memory and protecting it from deterioration caused by age that can lead to diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or dementia.
  •     Promotes skin, nail and hair health Vitamin B7 intake helps fight against hair and nail weakness and protects the skin from acne, fungus, rashes or dryness.


Biotin deficiency

Suffering from a lack of vitamin B7 is uncommon, since in our diet there are many foods rich in this vitamin and the required amounts are not excessively high. Still, it is important to try to keep the biotin levels balanced, as it is a water-soluble vitamin, and therefore we eliminate it daily in the urine.

To this must be added that there are cases where the likelihood of having a biotin deficiency is higher, such as people who have used some anticonvulsant drugs for a long time, people who have taken antibiotics for a long time, those people with problems to absorb nutrients in the intestine or with digestive problems such as Crohn's disease, celiac disease or leaky gut syndrome.

Symptoms of lack of vitamin B7

Although biotin deficiency is uncommon, when it usually occurs, symptoms such as:


  •     Dry and irritated skin
  •     Weak hair and plentiful fall
  •     Frequent fatigue and chronic fatigue
  •     Gastrointestinal problems
  •     Muscle aches
  •     Nerves damaged
  •     Mood swings
  •     Entumecicmiento of arms and legs
  •     Degeneration of cognitive functions


Recommended Daily Dose of Biotin

Since biotin is a water-soluble vitamin that is easily eliminated through the urine. the body can not accumulate large reserves of biotin. Hence it is necessary to replenish vitamin B7 to maintain the proper levels that requires the body to function properly.

The ideal is to consume small but frequent amounts of vitamin B7. Therefore there is a recommended daily amount of biotin, which varies according to the stage of life in which we are:


    BABIES

    CHILDREN1-3 years: 8 mcg / day4-8 years: 12 mcg / day9-14 years: 20 mcg / day

    ADOLESCENTS

    WOMEN aged 18 years: 30 mcg / dayDuring pregnancy: 30 mcg / day During breastfeeding: 35 mcg / day

    MEN FROM 18: 30 mcg / day


Natural sources rich in biotin

The best way to restore our biotin levels is through feeding . In fact, if we want to take full advantage of the benefits of this vitamin we should consume foods rich in vitamin B7 .

Among them we find both foods of plant origin , among which are avocado, mushrooms or cauliflower, such as animal foods , where the most important are liver, eggs, salmon and goat cheese. To this must be added other foods such as yeast and bread.



Biotin: Know the benefits to hair, skin and nails

Biotin: Know the benefits to hair, skin and nails

Nutrient also helps in better absorption of other substances and is good for anyone who has diabetes

Biotin is a vitamin B complex. It is also known as vitamin B7 and vitamin H. It is a water-soluble vitamin produced in the gut by bacteria and obtained through food.

Like other B vitamins, biotin is related to the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. It is also essential for the health of the skin, nails and hair.



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Proven Benefits

Good for the skin: Biotin is very beneficial for the skin, because it helps in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats which ends up improving the health of the skin. The absence of biotin can cause the skin to dry, flaky and reddened around the mouth and nose.

Good for the hair: The absence of biotin can cause hair loss and also cause the wires to weaken. The relationship between the nutrient and the hair is still uncertain, but some experts believe that biotin is related to the production of keratin, the protein that makes up the hair.

Good for the nails: A lack of biotin can weaken the nails. Some experts believe that this is because the nutrient is related to the production of keratin, the protein that makes up the nails.

Helps in correct absorption of nutrients: Biotin, along with other B vitamins, contributes to the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, making the body absorb them in the best way.

Benefits under study

Good for people with diabetes: Because biotin helps metabolize carbohydrates better, some studies point out that biotin may be interesting for diabetics. However, further research is needed to prove this benefit.

Biotin deficiency

Biotin deficiency is extremely uncommon because this nutrient is very present in the diet. However, when the symptoms of lack of the nutrient occur are: weakness in the nails and hair, baldness, dry and scaly skin and redness around the nose and mouth. Other complications that may occur are conjunctivitis, exfoliative dermatitis, muscle aches and lassitude, accompanied by increased glycemia.

Biotin combinations

To provide the mentioned benefits, biotin needs to be ingested with the other B-complex vitamins. In addition, it is important that it is part of a balanced diet.

Sources of Biotin

The main sources of biotin are peanuts, walnuts, tomatoes, egg yolks, onions, carrots, lettuce, cauliflower and almonds. Red meat, milk, fruits and seeds also rely on the nutrient.


  • Recommended amount of biotin
  • Baby from 0 to 6 months     5 mcg
  • Baby from 7 to 12 months     6 mcg
  • Child from 1 to 3 years     8 mcg
  • Child from 4 to 8 years     12 mcg
  • Young from 9 to 13 years old     20 mcg
  • Young person from 14 to 18 years old     25 mcg
  • Adult from 19 to 70 years     30 mcg
  • Pregnant women     35 mcg
  • Infants     35 mcg


The use of the biotin supplement

The biotin supplement is only advised when the person manifests symptoms of the absence of this nutrient. Supplementation can only be performed by a nutritionist or nutrologist doctor.
Learn more: Skin Cleansing: Benefits and Procedure Step by Step

The excess of biotin

Excessive consumption of biotin occurs only through supplementation and does not have major complications as the nutrient is excreted in the urine.

Deficiency of Biotinidase (DB)

Deficiency of Biotinidase (DB)

A deficiency of biotinidase (DBT) is an inaccurate metabolism, of genetic origin and autosomal recessive heresy, which consists of a deficiency of biotinidase enzyme, responsible for the absorption and organic regeneration of biotin, for the success of different enzymes.

The chemical reactions that occur within our organism allow food to be processed or metabolized to be used. The enzymes, proteins are produced by the body, to enable the chemical reactions to occur. Some enzymes require vitamins to be stimulated. Once or not organism produced to certain enzyme in sufficient quantity or enzyme that was manufactured properly. This is why the enzyme has a reduction it gives its success and does not work as it should. Other chemical reactions that depend on this enzyme may also be prejudiced. Enzyme of the enzyme and less than 10% of its normal content are considered deficient. Normally enzymatic deficiencies entail medical problems.



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Thus, most two inborn errors of metabolism, deficiency of biotinidase, autosomal recessive inheritance, presents more than 140 mutations described.

Classification:

  • a) profound deficiency of biotinidase;
  • b) partial deficiency of biotinidase;
  • c) without biotinidase deficiency.

Clinically this disease manifests itself from the seventh week of life with neurological and skin disorders such as epileptic seizures, hypotonia, microcephaly, retardation of neuropsychomotor development, alopecia and eczematoid dermatitis. We patients with late diagnosis observed, visual disturbances, auditory, asymmetry, motor delay and language.

Patients diagnosed during the symptomatic period, frequently with delays in the development and rise of the auditory, visual, and irreversible upper nervous functions, unless otherwise noted neonatal period.

Patients with altered screening tests (partial or total), identified by the biotin enzyme analysis, will be classified as suspects until the confirmation or diagnosis, which will be established from the quantitative test of the biotinidase, and can be complemented with a study. genetic-molecular.

Or drug treatment and simple, very low cost and consists of a use of biotin (vitamin H) in two days of agreement with subclassification of biotin deficiency, based not quantitative test.
Or precocious diagnosis, as well as beginning treatment before the first months of life, assurance to or drinking the normal life without any symptom of the disease. In children diagnosed early, or use of biotin prevented clinical and biochemical abnormalities. Studies demonstrate that the more precociously or treated and instituted, the better the clinical response is.

The prevalence of DBT can vary according to the population studied. Our USA reports of 2000 report to an incidence of 1: 59,000. In Brazil, it is estimated that there will be approximately 3,200 patients with DBT (incidence of approximately 1 to 60,000, in a population of about 190 million inhabitants).

Biotin deficiency

Biotin deficiency

Biotin deficiency is rare, but may manifest as a skin condition or lameness with hair loss and / or cracks in hooves.

information

Biotin is present in most nutrients and its deficiency is unlikely. The role of biotin in nutrition and the changes that occur when it is deficient are not clear. Reports and field studies, however, point to the following associations:



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symptom

Sows, transition and bait

  •     Lameness throughout the farm or in groups of sows.
  •     Laminitis
  •     Soft hooves
  •     Plantar hemorrhages
  •     Dark and transverse cracks in the hooves.
  •     Excessive hair loss

Sows

  •     Lengthening of the period between weaning and cover.
  •     Small litters.
  •     Anoestro

Lactating piglets

  •     It does not happen

Causes / Contributing factors

  •     Biotin deficiency in the diet.
  •     Trauma caused by erosive soils.

Diagnosis

It is based on clinical signs and the fact that it affects the entire farm or groups of animals. Deficiency in biotin can be confused with chronic lesions of swine vesicular disease.

Control / Prevention

  •     In those cases in which generalized lesions occur, up to 0.5-1 mg / kg of biotin should be added to the diet. The results can take up to 9 months.
  •     Add biotin to the diet as a routine.
  •     The occasional lameness caused by soft hooves with dark transverse cracks seems to improve with the biotin supplementation in the diet; an adequate inclusion rate is 100-200 mg / Tm.



Biotinidase deficiency

Biotinidase deficiency

What is it?

It is an alteration of the metabolism of biotin. It is due to the deficiency of the biotinidase enzyme. This results in a multiple deficiency in carboxylases. Its characteristic metabolic consequences are due to the role of carboxylases, substances that are involved in gluconeogenesis, that is, the synthesis of glucose, in the synthesis of fatty acids and in the catabolism of amino acids.

Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin B complex. It is present in low concentrations in multiple foods: liver, kidney, egg yolk, vegetables, cereals, etc.



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Intestinal bacteria can also synthesize it. They help, in this way, to complement the biotin provided by the diet.

It is a hereditary disease.

How is the inheritance?

It is autosomal recessive. Parents of children with the disease do not necessarily suffer it.

When both parents are carriers, there is a 25% chance in each pregnancy that the child has the disease. 50% of children can be carriers, just like parents. Finally, there is a 25% chance that the child has two genes that work correctly and is healthy and not a carrier.

It is very frequent?

It's weird

The prevalence, which is the number of individuals of a group or a population that have a certain characteristic, at a given moment, is estimated at 1 per 75.0000.

And the symptoms?

When the baby begins to feed, the milk proteins degrade and release all the amino acids. Some (isoleucine, valine and leucine) do not degrade well, due to biotin deficiency. Gluconeogenesis (glucose synthesis) does not work well either. This can cause hypoglycemia, with elevation of ketone bodies and lactic acidemia.

Even though the newborn uses maternal biotin in the neonatal period, it will soon need an active biotin recycling to cover its metabolic needs. And it will begin to manifest signs of multiple carboxylase deficiency. The toxic compounds will begin to accumulate and the child will present symptoms of intoxication that can be manifested according to the type of enzyme deficit:

a) If the deficit is total, may appear:

  •     vomiting
  •     food rejection
  •     seizures
  •     dermatitis (probably due to the defect of fatty acid synthesis)
  •     muscle flaccidity
  •     skin rash
  •     hair loss
  •     Hearing loss
  •     fungal infections
  •     developmental delay
  •     optic nerve atrophy (loss of vision)
  •     loss of defenses in the immune system.
  •     Even in the long term, the child can develop deafness and cognitive impairment.

b) Children with partial deficit only have symptoms in phases of stress:

    Symptoms of hypoglycemia (see figure): weakness, tremors, dizziness, sweaty and cold skin.

If left untreated, hypoglycaemia can even lead to coma and death.

Should neonatal screening be done?

YES. Why:

- Although its incidence is low, it is a process with high mortality and morbidity. There is an effective treatment that will be more effective, the sooner it is established.

- On the other hand, the symptomatic range of this disease is so broad and non-specific, that its clinical diagnosis is difficult and, often, late.

- The screening test is easy to perform. It has a low cost and is safe and effective.

Universal neonatal screening is the study of all people. It is performed from the blood obtained from the heel puncture in the newborn. A piece of paper is impregnated with blood and studied by a colorimetric method.

And the definitive diagnosis?

It is done by:

  •     Quantification of organic acids in urine, in an isolated urination.
  •     Quantification of acylcarnitines in serum or plasma.
  •     Determination of the biotinidase activity in serum.
  •     Determination of mitochondrial carboxylase activities in lymphocytes (Before treating the child).
  •     Molecular analysis of the gene. It has to be done on anticoagulated blood.

And the treatment?

It is treated with biotin 5-10 mg / day in severe cases and between 1-5 mg / day in partial deficiency.
The treatment must be maintained throughout life.

And the forecast?

It is very good if it is diagnosed and treated early.

Some of the symptoms, such as hearing loss or optic atrophy, do not revert with the treatment. Hence the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Yes they revert others: cutaneous, seizures and problems of walking.

And what to do in the family?

GENETIC ADVICE must be done. Parents are, necessarily, carriers.

The brothers must be tested.



Biotin Deficiency - What It Is, Causes and Treatments

Biotin Deficiency - What It Is, Causes and Treatments

Biotin Deficiency - What it is, Causes and Treatments we should not know. In addition, Biotin Deficiency is one of the B vitamins. This group of vitamins is responsible for breaking down fats and carbohydrates from the foods you eat and turning them into energy. This energy provides fuel for many of your body's necessary functions. Biotin deficiency is also called B-7, vitamin H, or coenzyme R.

Biotin Deficiency promotes good skin health and helps regulate your LDL (bad) cholesterol and blood sugar. Biotin Deficiency is also required to produce keratin, a protein that promotes strong nails and hair. So, check out now Biotin Deficiency - What It Is, Causes And Treatments:



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Causes of Biotin Deficiency: Biotin deficiency is quite rare. Doctors usually look at one of six possible causes to explain why their B-7 levels may be so low. These causes are:

Medications: Certain medications can prevent your body from absorbing the vitamins properly. These medicines include antibiotics and anti-seizure medications. In addition, antibiotics destroy the good bacteria in the gut that can naturally produce biotin.

Intravenous (IV) Feeding: If you receive your nutrition from an IV or tube, you may develop a B-7 deficiency. Supplements may be needed until you can eat solid foods again.

Intestinal Problems: Some chronic intestinal conditions may prevent your body from absorbing nutrients from food. These conditions include Crohn's disease and colitis.

Main Symptoms of Biotin Deficiency:

  • The inflammation of the skin:
  • Stress and depression:
  • Muscle aches:
  • Biotin deficiency causes abnormal skin sensations such as tingling, burning, numbness or tingling in the hands and feet:
  • Due to this, a person may experience hair loss or hair loss:
  • This makes the skin dry and flaky. It can be sore and around the mouth and nose:
  • This deficiency can cause loss of appetite in a person or can give a person the feeling of nausea:
  • Because heart irregularities in some people too. In addition to these symptoms, some diseases that a person may suffer from are dermatitis, anemia, psoriasis, eczema and seborrhea.

Treatment: Treatment for a Biotin Deficiency usually falls into two main categories. These are foods and supplements. The daily requirements for Biotin Deficiency are not hard to reach. An adult should seek to eat 30 micrograms (mcg) per day, a child should have 5 mcg per day, and a expecting mother should aim for 35 mcg per day. Taking this vitamin out of food is easy enough. Many common foods contain large amounts of Biotin Deficiency. These include:

  • Peas, legumes and lentils:
  • Sunflower seeds and sunflower butter:
  • Carrots, cauliflower and mushrooms:
  • Boiled eggs, especially egg yolk:
  • Meat of organs including liver and kidney:
  • Dairy products, including milk, cheese and yogurt:
  • Seafood:
  • Whole grains include barley and corn:

Biotin: Hair Vitamin

Biotin: Hair Vitamin

Also called vitamin B7 or H, biotin is present in foods and also in supplements and beauty products. The remains of hair due to deficiency of biotin reinforce its use.

A try for information on this vitamin, increased considerably, especially in the case of vir gania, highlighting the nature of the relationship with the vitality of nails and hair.

Biotin

Besides being important for the sake of a few days, it also needed for two or two correct functioning, liver and nervous system. In gravid, the participates fetal development.



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Biotin acts in the process of breaking food and sugar to be used as a form of energy.

In spite of the fact that there is no consensus, scientific studies have suggested that the intake of insulin and insulin should not cause any deficiency and could contribute to or develop type 2 diabetes.

In addition to two carbohydrates, she also participates in metabolism of proteins and fat.

Biotin is not stored in the organism, and its supply is required be frequent and continuous.

Its main food sources are: peanuts, nuts, germ of wheat, tomatoes, eggs, meats and milk. It is also produced by intestinal bacteria.

Processes of cooking seem not to decrease significantly to the amount available to us foods. On the other hand, canned products lose percentages relevant vitamin gives in the process.

A recommended daily intake of 25 mcg per day. Women on breastfeeding should ingest a larger dose, 35 mcg a day.

Due to technical difficulties in determining the exact amount of biotin in our diet, we have not calculated the daily intake of the diet. It is believed that the values ​​described are currently underestimated, that is, below two real values ​​gives us vitamin food.
Remains hairy due to deficiency of biotin

Some factors may be predisposed to a hair loss due to deficiency of biotin:

  •     Smoking: studies show that or cigar can accelerate to destruction of biotin in women.
  •     Egg whites: a study in 2009 suggested that ingestion of 2 egg whites a day for 3 months could deficiency of biotin. This is because the clear protein, called avidin, is strongly linked to biotin, impairing its action and absorption. Cooked or fried eggs do not generate this risk, the time that heat or denatura that protein.
  •     Medications: or prolonged use of antibiotics, anticonvulsants or oral isotretinoin can lead to low levels of biotin.

The main manifestations of biotin deficiency are:

  •     Neurological symptoms: depression, slow movements, hallucinations
  •     Peel: redness and scaling around two eyes, nose and mouth, referred to as similar to seborrheic dermatitis.
  •     Eyes: conjunctivitis
  •     Hair: increase of capillary remains

Although not being common, the deficiency of biotin can easily be treated with supplementary doses. There are several supplements containing biotin not market. Some examples are: Eximia Fortalize, Eximia Fortera Kera D, Pantogar Neo, Pill food, Nourkrin, Anacaps, Imecap and Viviscal.

Since used in the recommended doses, to biotin and a safe vitamin, it is tolerated and not toxic.

Even it is recognized as important for the health of nails and hair, even though it is not clear that the exact mechanisms hairs which it operates in these places.

In spite of being frequently used as a supplement for cases of failed nails and hair remains, there is little scientific evidence of its benefit in persons without disabilities. So, the recommendation that your replacement be made only in patients of that vitamin.

Or use of biotin in cosmetics and beauty products lacks scientific evidence.

It remains hair because of deficiency of biotin: or what to do?

It is important that it remains excessively broadly and multifarably, with genetic, endocrine, nutritional, or drug causes at the same time. Treating a patient exclusively with oral biotin will not result in neglecting or delaying the proper treatment.

Therefore, you will notice the increase in the amount of the remaining two or three weeks.

The Clinic Doppio addition to count as a specialist doctor in hair, has professionals has prepared to help comuu problem.

Everything you need to know about biotin deficiency-1

Everything you need to know about biotin deficiency-1

Most of us are familiar with supplements. They come in different shapes, sizes and colors. Since doctors usually prescribe certain doses, we do not give them much importance before we take them.

One of those supplements that we know, but we do not know much about, is biotin . If you take supplements of this vitamin, or have a deficiency in it, it is worth knowing everything related to this important vitamin.

What is biotin?

Biotin is an important component of the enzymes that break down fats, carbohydrates and other substances in the body. This water-soluble B vitamin is found in small amounts in several foods. The fact that it is soluble in water makes it important for people to supplement it every day since it is not stored in the body.

Biotin plays a key role in energy metabolism, fat synthesis, amino acid metabolism, cell signaling and glycogen synthesis. Needless to say, deficiency in this vitamin leads to a series of health disorders.



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What is biotin deficiency?

Biotin deficiency is a nutritional disorder that can be potentially dangerous to health. Although it is extremely rare in the Western world, considering the fact that biotin is widely distributed in food and only required in small quantities, certain people may be at risk of developing this deficiency. These people include:

  •     Pregnant or nursing mothers
  •     Alcohol addicts
  •     People with "biotinidase deficiency"

In addition, people who consume too many raw egg whites may be at risk for this deficiency. This is because the protein content in egg whites inhibits the absorption of biotin.

Symptoms of biotin deficiency


Although the condition is rare, certain symptoms may indicate biotin deficiency. These include:

  •     Hair loss (often with loss of hair color)
  •     Scaly reddish rash around the eyes, nose and mouth
  •     Loss of appetite
  •     Abnormal cardiac reactions
  •     Sickness
  •     Irritated tongue
  •     Pale or grayish skin
  •     Depression and hallucinations
  •     Tingling in arms and legs
  •     High levels of acid in the blood and urine
  •     Brittle nails
  •     Seizures

In children, biotin deficiency causes muscle weakness, slowness and developmental delay. Fortunately, this form of deficiency can be easily treated.

Treatment options for biotin deficiency

Biotin deficiency can be treated with the help of food or supplements. When it comes to food, cauliflower, egg yolks, corn, liver, chicken, yeast and mushrooms are good sources of biotin. In addition, you can also try fortified foods. An advantage of opting for natural sources is that along with biotin, you can get several other vitamins, minerals, dietary fats and dietary fiber.

Alternatively, you could opt for the supplements. But, be sure to consult a professional before doing so. This is because biotin supplements may interact with other medications, especially anticonvulsants and other nutritional supplements. The recommended amount of biotin is different for different people, but on average, adults should have 30 mcg of it each day. Although it is generally used to treat biotin deficiency, some research indicates that there may be benefits to its use.

Benefits of biotin

It is important to remember that biotin supplements should not be consumed without the approval of a professional. And, that the benefits listed so far have very little research to back them up. Having said that, some of the benefits that are discussed in relation to the consumption of biotin are the following



  •     Stronger nails: Some studies claim that biotin increases the thickness of the nails of the hands and feet in people with brittle nails.
  •     Relief of diabetic nerve pain: Biotin use may reduce nerve pain in people with diabetes.
  •     Higher hair thickness: Preliminary evidence suggests that a combination of biotin and zinc could promote hair growth and reduce hair loss.
  •     Reduce blood sugar level: Few studies claim that biotin and chromium together could lower blood sugar levels in people with diabetes who do not respond to prescription medications.

Some studies have indicated that high doses of biotin have improved a rare hair disorder in children and rashes in babies.

Generally, if you have been prescribed a B-complex supplement, you will have adequate amounts of biotin in your body. But, if you notice any of the deficiency symptoms mentioned above, consult a professional as soon as possible.