How do lithium batteries work?
Lithium metal battery:
A lithium metal battery is generally a positive electrode material, a battery using metallic lithium or manganese dioxide as an alloy metal as a negative electrode material, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution.
Basic principle of lithium battery
Basic principle of lithium battery
Discharge reaction: Li + MnO2 = LiMnO2
Lithium ion battery:
A lithium ion battery is a battery that generally uses lithium alloy metal oxide as a positive electrode material, graphite as a negative electrode material, and anhydrous electrolyte.
Reaction of charged positive electrode
LiCoO2 = Li (1-x) CIO2 + XLI ++ Xe- (electron)
Reaction on charge negative electrode
6C + XLi ++ Xe- = LixC6
Rechargeable battery total reaction: LiCoO2 + 6C = Li (1-x) CoO2 + LixC6
positive electrode
Cathode material: There are many optional cathode materials, and most of the main products use lithium iron phosphate. Different cathode material comparisons:
LiCoO 2 3.7 V 140 mAh / g
Li 2 Mn 2 O 4 4.0 V 100 mAh / g
LiFePO 4 3.3 V 100 mAh / g
Li 2 FePO 4 F 3.6 V 115 mAh / g
Positive electrode reaction: Lithium ions are embedded during discharge and lithium ions are deintercalated during charging. When charging: LiFePO4 → Li1-xFePO4 + xLi + + xe discharge: Li1-xFePO4 + xLi + + xe- → LiFePO4.
negative electrode
Anode material: Graphite is mostly used. Recent research has found that titanate can be a better material.
Negative electrode reaction: Lithium ion is deintercalated during discharge and lithium ions are buried during charging.
When charging: xLi + + xe- + 6C → LixC6
When unloading: LixC6 → xLi + + xe- + 6C
15Axx
Rayovac Rechargeable AA Batteries, Rechargeable Double A Batteries (8 Count)