What role does our intestines play in our health?
It has long been known that microorganisms in the intestines play an important role in the health of the digestive system. There is an increasing number of studies showing that intestinal microorganisms can be effective in many metabolic processes such as digestive health, immune system, cognitive functions and body weight control. So how does intestinal microorganisms affect our health?
Intestinal Microbiology
The human organism is home to a wide variety of microorganisms. Microorganisms live in various parts of the human body, especially in the skin, nose, mouth and intestines. The intestine itself is home to about 100 trillion bacteria cells. This corresponds to an estimated 10 times the total number of cells in the human body.
All of the microorganisms living in the intestine are called “intestinal microbiota ken, while the sum of the microbiota genes is called mik microbioma.. The majority of the microorganisms living in the intestine are more than 1000 different types of bacteria. The type and proportion of microorganisms in the intestines of each individual also differ.
What are the factors affecting intestinal microbiota?
Intestinal microbiota begins to form with birth. The unborn baby is sterile, which means it does not contain germs under any circumstances. The baby passes through the mother's uterus during birth and first meets the bacterial flora there. Babies born by cesarean section are first introduced to the microorganisms in the environment, which may cause some problems in the formation of the normal flora that the baby should have. Thus, the microbiota that begins to form after birth, can change throughout life depending on nutrition, lifestyle, age, drug use, various diseases or many other environmental factors.
Intestinal Microbiota and Health
Research on human microbiota shows that microorganisms in the intestines affect health. For example, the microbiota of individuals with irritable bowel syndrome or allergic disease has been shown to be different from healthy individuals. However, it is also difficult to say whether a different microflora from healthy individuals is a cause or a consequence of the disease.
However, it is not possible to talk about an ideal or healthy intestinal microbiota profile or model. The composition of the intestinal microbiota of healthy individuals is also quite different and variable from each other.
Intestinal microorganisms play an important role in the health of the immune system as well as in the health of the digestive system because the immune tissues in the remainder of the digestion constitute the largest and most complex part of the human immune system. The intestinal mucosa is a large surface that covers the intestine and is exposed to pathogenic (disease-causing) and non-pathogenic environmental antigens (substances that trigger the immune system to produce antibodies). Microorganisms in the intestinal lumen are considered to play a critical role in the development of the immune system and the proper functioning of the immune system.
Which microorganisms in the intestines help to improve health?
There are approximately 1012 bacteria in the bowel of a healthy adult. Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Clostridium, Peptecoccus Escherichia, Enterecoccus, Klebsiella, Lactobacillus are shown among these different species of bacteria. In the early nineteenth century, Russian scientist Eli Metchnikoff reported that the long life of Bulgarian peasants depended on their excessive consumption of fermented dairy products, and the existence of beneficial bacteria was scientifically discussed for the first time.
Bacteria Useful for Human Health: Probiotics
Probiotic means 'suitable for life'. Probiotics are defined as living microorganisms that have benefits to human health when taken in sufficient amounts with food and drinks. Probiotic foods can be defined as nutrients that can contain these live probiotic microorganisms which are beneficial for human health.
Probiotic bacteria live in the digestive tract where they multiply temporarily, so a nutritional and lifestyle that can help these beneficial bacteria grow in the intestines can help promote health. The nutrients of these beneficial bacteria in the intestine are besin prebiotic ve and are indigestible nutrients. Probiotics live and multiply by using prebiotics. Therefore, in order to benefit from the health effects of live bacteria in the intestines, prebiotic sources of food must be included in the diet. Vegetables and fruits, cereals and legumes are prebiotic sources. Chicory, artichoke, oats, onions, bananas and asparagus are also among the prebiotic foods. Fermented foods such as yoghurt and kefir, which are lactic acid bacteria, which are useful bacteria, can also be consumed to support the growth of these bacteria in the digestive tract. However, probiotic bacteria need to remain alive in the food and reach the digestive tract alive, so it is important to store probiotic-containing foods in proper conditions.
How Does Intestinal Flora Affect Health?
An intestinal microflora, in which the number of probiotics, ie the number of beneficial bacteria, is predominantly supports the individual's digestive system health. Numerous studies show that probiotics can prevent diarrhea due to antibiotic use in children and adults, improve immune system functions, reduce allergic inflammatory ulcerative symptoms, such as crowns, and help prevent constipation and prevent elevated blood cholesterol levels. However, each of these health effects is shown to be associated with a different bacterial species or species. At the same time, the amount of probiotic required to support the immune system or to prevent constipation varies.
As a result
The microorganisms in our intestine undoubtedly play a very important role for our health. The number of research in this area continues to increase and deepen. A diet that includes probiotics and prebiotics, which are their nutrients, can help promote health. An active lifestyle with a diet where probiotic foods such as yogurt, kefir, vegetables and fruits and whole grains and legumes are consumed adequately and balanced can help increase the number of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal microflora and support health.
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