Vitamin B12 Deficiency
VITAMIN B12 AND LACK
Vitamin B12 deficiency is a very important vitamin deficiency that makes memory problems, forgetfulness, weakness, fatigue. It is frequently seen in people who do not eat meat. It is sometimes seen in patients with stomach disease. If you are fatigued and tired, you should have your blood vitamin B12 level measured. Some people don't eat red meat because they have high cholesterol. This is wrong. Red meat must be eaten once a week. Vitamin B12 is also found in animal foods such as milk, cheese, yogurt, and seafood such as fish.
What is Vitamin B12?
Since it contains cobalt metal in its structure, vitamin B12 is also called cobalamin. Vitamin B12 is found in multivitamin drugs under the name cyanocobalamin. Vitamin B12 is essential for the health of nerve tissue and for the production of red blood cells (erythrocytes) and for the production of DNA in our cells.
Dietary vitamin B12 is absorbed from the intestines by combining it with a protein called intrinsic factor secreted from the stomach. The good absorption of vitamin B12 from the intestines depends on the proper functioning of the stomach, pancreas and intestines. Daily vitamin B12 requirement is up to 2.4 micrograms.
Foods
Vitamin B12 is found in animal foods such as red meat, chicken, turkey and fish, and to a lesser extent in milk and yogurt. It is not found in plants and yeast. A glass of pasteurized milk contains 0.9 micrograms of vitamin B12.
Who Can See Vitamin B12 Deficiency?
Vitamin B12 deficiency occurs in anemia called pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia is a disease caused by disruption of the absorption of vitamin B12 from the intestines. This disease occurs in 2% of people over 60 years of age and is treated with vitamin B12 injection.
B12 deficiency is usually seen in people who do not eat meat (vegetarians), stomach and intestinal disease. This is because vitamin B12 is often found in animal foods. Vitamin B12 deficiency is frequently seen in patients with atrophic gastritis in their stomachs or those whose stomach is taken by surgery. It is known that vitamin B12 deficiency is common in patients with helicobacter pylori bacteria in the stomach. Occasionally, vitamin B12 deficiency is rarely seen. Aging is an important cause of vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in the elderly.
Diseases that prevent the absorption of vitamin B12 and cause deficiency are:
· Stomach atrophy, no acid
· The presence of helicobacter pylori bacteria in the stomach
Excessive bacterial growth in the intestine after antibiotics
· Long-term use of metformin, a diabetes medication
· To use stomach drugs called antacids, H2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors
· Chronic alcohol use
· Stomach surgery
· Pancreas gland not working properly
· Sjögren's syndrome
· AIDS disease or HIV-positive people
Anemia occurs in only 29% of people with vitamin B12 deficiency. Therefore, vitamin B12 deficiency does not occur in all people with anemia.
B12 failure occurs in 10-15% of patients over 60 years of age. Vitamin B12 deficiency in the elderly can be treated with multivitamin drugs.
Let's pay attention to some medicines that make vitamin B12 deficiency:
In patients receiving gastric and duodenal ulcer or gastritis, omeprazole-type medication may cause vitamin B12 deficiency or decrease in blood levels.
· Use of antibiotics such as chloramphenicol and neomycin
· Colchicine, which is used in the treatment of the disease, which is characterized by high uric acid in the blood called gout, may cause vitamin B12 deficiency.
Metformin (Glucophage, glyphor, matophine, etc.) used in the treatment of diabetes may cause vitamin B12 deficiency.
· Nitrous oxide used in anesthesia during surgery may also cause vitamin B12 deficiency.
B12 Deficiency Symptoms:
· Fatigue
· Weakness
Nausea
· Constipation
· Gas
· Loss of appetite
· Weight loss
· Anemia
· Difficulty in walking and balance disorder
· Forgetfulness
· Dementia
· Pain in the tongue
· Loss of numbness and numbness in the legs
· Tinnitus in the ear
Nervous system disorders can also be seen in vitamin B12 deficiency.
Vitamin B12 should be given in addition to:
· Pernicious anemia
· Gastric surgery
· Vegetarians
· Elderly people
· Pregnant and babies
· Patients with bowel disease
People over the age of 50, vegetarians, women planning to become pregnant should take vitamin B12 as a multivitamin drug 6-30 micrograms per day. If there is no pernicious anemia, vitamin B12 should be taken orally in tablet form. In case of pernicious anemia and gastric surgery should be taken as an injection.
Is Vitamin B12 Excess harmful?
Excess vitamin B12 is not harmful.
* For informational purposes only, consult your doctor for diagnosis and treatment
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