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What is dangerous caries: how to prevent the disease?
What is the cause of caries? Forewarned is forearmed!
Currently, scientists can definitely name the main culprit for the development of caries - this is the bacterium Streptococcus mutans (Streptococcus mutans). Her activity is found literally in the first days of each child’s life. Of course, simply the presence of bacteria is not enough for the appearance of the disease, therefore, concomitant causes of caries are also distinguished. Failure or poor oral hygiene creates ideal living conditions for Streptococcus mutans, a bacterium that feeds on food particles trapped between teeth. Accelerated the formation of plaque contributes to the love of sweets. On average, 1 mg of plaque contains from 5 to 800 million microbes. If plaque is not removed within a few days, it turns into a dental plaque, which is a 200 micron polymicrobial formation. Further, in the event of a change in microorganisms and an increase in pH, calcium is deposited in the form of phosphorus salts, forming tartar.
Caries can also cause xerostomia - lowering the amount of saliva that can neutralize the acids secreted by harmful bacteria. Among other causes of caries emit: weak immunity of the body, heredity, low content of calcium, fluoride and phosphorus in drinking water. Separately, it is worth noting the comorbid diseases that even being transferred in early childhood, make themselves felt, disrupting the proper formation of dental tissues. Thus, the causes of caries include rickets, tuberculosis, etc.
Thus, the development of caries is influenced by a number of factors, both external (fluorine content in drinking water) and internal (for example, the poor state of the immune and digestive systems are the most common causes of caries).
How does caries appear? Visible and invisible symptoms of caries
The initial stages of caries are sometimes asymptomatic. In other words, a person may not even suspect that changes are already taking place in the tooth enamel. Further symptoms of caries appear as a small white or dark spot. The cause of pigmentation is the leaching of calcium from enamel, or demineralization. As a rule, this process is not accompanied by pain, that is, at an early stage there are very few chances to detect caries. Deeper enamel damage - superficial caries - leads to the formation of a small cavity in the tooth. In this case, there is an increased sensitivity to hot food. Most often, caries appears in the most vulnerable places - in cracks or grooves on the chewing teeth, between the teeth, in the areas of restoration - around old fillings, crowns, and also in the cervical areas.
How does the body fight tooth decay? Ally in the fight for health
Malicious organisms secrete acid, which antibacterial substances of saliva are capable of neutralizing. Forming a thin layer around the teeth and soft tissues, saliva protects the oral cavity from damage. Mineral components of saliva, such as fluoride, calcium, phosphate, help maintain a dynamic balance between enamel and saliva, normalizing the process of remineralization. Tooth enamel has a distinctive property of being saturated with components of saliva, thus, with age, resistance, or resistance, to diseases of caries increases. The protective mechanism of saliva against bacteria are also special substances that prevent the growth of microbes. In other words, our body is constantly fighting for oral health. However, this is not enough to maintain a beautiful and natural smile, you should follow the recommendations of dentists and carefully monitor hygiene. For more information on how to prevent tooth decay, you can at your dentist.
Treatment of caries: there are no hopeless cases!
Despite the fact that the possibilities of modern dentistry allow you to restore the beauty and functional characteristics of teeth, even in the most difficult cases, you should not wait until the last to consult a dentist. It is well known that the earlier the start of diagnosis and treatment, the closer the recovery! Treatment of caries directly depends on the stage of the disease, the characteristics of the body and associated diseases, for example, pulpitis. Uncomplicated forms of caries suggest cleansing the carious cavity and staging the fillings. Deep caries requires a more serious approach, initially a temporary filling is established, which over time is changed to a permanent one. It is important to remember that prevention of caries is based on the prevention of the disease by observing thorough oral hygiene. Sometimes the dentist recommends using special compresses with calcium solutions.
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