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DISINFECTANTS. REVIEW, RECOMMENDATIONS.
In the seasons of influenza and other viral diseases, it is more than important to take care of the cleanliness around you. This applies not only to the premises, but also to air, clothing, and body. After all, carriers of bacilli, first of all, are ourselves. The accumulation of people on the streets, in transport, in the office, even a banal trip with a neighbor in the elevator, can be the result of at least a week sick leave. And what to do if the focus of infection is already in your apartment? How to protect other family members from infection and epidemics?
In this article, we propose to understand how to effectively protect your health, adhering to the usual measures of sanitary hygiene in the house, apartment, residential or work space.
Since childhood, we know: “in order to maintain our immunity in the norm, first of all, it is necessary to monitor the cleanliness of our hands, as well as the healthy background of our house”. Let's try to understand this seemingly simple question.
So, since we started talking about infection, then antiseptics and disinfectants should come to our aid.
DISINFECTANTS
Disinfectants (you can also hear other names: disinfectants, disinfectants, or disinfectants, and even disinfectants) are special drugs that are used to kill viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other infectious diseases.
They are not too different from antiseptics, the main difference is that disinfectants are used for the outside world (anti-bacterial treatment of premises, surfaces, equipment, etc.), and the latter - directly to normalize the bacterial background on the skin and body.
Most often, disinfectants are used:
in medicine (hospitals, clinics, hospitals, pharmacies, emergency centers, etc.),
in public places with large concentrations of people (public transport, schools, kindergartens, universities, offices, etc.),
in veterinary medicine (at enterprises and plants associated with animal husbandry - veterinary disinfection),
catering (cafes, restaurants, bars, supermarkets, food production); etc.
in a house, apartment, residential or office space
It is important to understand that in each of these industries use different disinfectants that are designed for specific needs and pursue specific goals. Means for home disinfection (residential premises, apartments, offices) are significantly different from the above and have special increased security requirements.
DES MEANS. TYPES OF DISINFECTION
Especially in the autumn and spring, we are constantly found advertising various antibacterial and antiviral drugs. And this is not strange, because it is in the offseason that there are jumps in temperature and sharp changes in weather conditions, the immune system is under stress, and in springtime you can add seasonal avitaminosis and weaken the protective properties of the body.
In order to understand which disinfectants are better to use and which ones to avoid and are afraid of, we want to give a brief overview and tell you how not to make a mistake and make the right choice.
Generally speaking, there are two types of disinfectants: physical and chemical:
Physical - treatment using boiling, drying, ultraviolet lamps, processing with hot air or steam, as well as, ultrasound and other exotic methods.
Chemicals are usually used in the form of solutions or powders, sometimes they can be in a gaseous state. Moreover, they must meet very stringent requirements, namely: they must be well dissolved in water, quickly destroy microbes, not be toxic to humans and animals, and the absence of a sharp caustic odor is also very important.
Since physical means remained rather part of the “old school” disinfection, and their use requires complex and expensive equipment, we will consider more detailed chemical products that can be bought in online stores, supermarkets or specialized shops of household chemicals.
DISINFECTANTS
Disinfectants - ready-made disinfectants that include one or a combination of several active ingredients. Also in the composition can be added auxiliary components: stabilizers, acidity regulators, detergent ingredients and so on.
For the ability to destroy microorganisms in the composition of disinfectants, it is the “active substance” that is responsible (hereinafter - DV). This is the basis and the most important component of any antibacterial drug. It DV is responsible for efficiency and all quality characteristics.
The most common chemical active ingredients can be divided into the following groups:
halogens (chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine)
chlorhexidine based compounds
aldehydes
alcohols
peroxide compounds
phenols, cresols and their derivatives
Surfactant (surface active substances)
acids, peracids and some of their salts
alkalis
organic compounds of biocidal metals, etc.
Each disinfectant has many characteristics that affect the quality and safety of sanitary cleaning:
The effective concentration of the active ingredient (measured in% or mg / l), as well as the spectrum of action. The concentration of DV is calculated for each individual group of bacteria, viruses, spore, coccal, etc. according to the methodological recommendations (humane medicine) or regulations (veterinary).
Mode and procedure of disinfection .
Surface treatment method (aerosol, small-drop irrigation, wiping, dipping, etc.)
Personal protective equipment against toxic fumes.
Hazard class of working solutions of disinfectant according to GOST 12.1.007-76 acting in Ukraine
Grade 1 - extremely dangerous
Grade 2 - highly hazardous
Grade 3 - moderately dangerous
Grade 4 - low hazard (such tools are the most safe and recommended for modern disinfection )
The possibility of using drugs in special industrial installations (generators of cold or hot fog).
Choosing a disinfectant for the house and the room , you should not hurry to buy the most publicized drug. The first thing you need to figure out what is hidden in its composition, what is its purpose and how to use it correctly. It is important to remember - it is your health that is at stake! Therefore, the more scrupulously you approach the question of choosing a means, the more you protect yourself and others from potential negative consequences.
POISONING VAPORS DISINFECTOR
Very often when cleaning the apartment, we use detergents for difficult-to-clean contaminants (scale, sediment, detergent residues): bathroom, tile, tile, carpets, etc. After more than an hour of such cleaning, you may feel dizzy or nauseous. These symptoms do not appear at all because you are just tired of cleaning .. The reason for the corrosive chemical evaporation of the volatile disinfectant solution. It is these vapors that poison your body and cause not the most pleasant symptoms.
Using toxic preparations for disinfection must pay special attention to proper air circulation, so that volatile harmful substances do not accumulate. If this kind of cleaning and disinfection must be carried out in a closed room, which is not possible to ventilate - with the choice of means you need to be very careful!
Next, we offer a brief overview of the most common DV, which can be found in the composition of drugs on the shelves of household chemicals or in the relevant department of the supermarket.
CHLORINE AND ITS COMPOUNDS
The most widely used in disinfection practices are halogenated agents with active chlorine. The cheapest of them is bleach. Drugs that contain up to 95% free chlorine (sodium salt, trichloro, sodium hypochloride) are widely used. Hypochlorites are used to disinfect dishes, bathtubs, sinks, toilets, food debris, wastewater, etc. Chloroamine is a substance used to disinfect premises, dishes and linens. For disinfection of different objects, halohydantoins are used: dichlorohydantoin, monochloro- and dichloro-dimethylhydantoins, etc.
These are the cheapest and at the same time the most dangerous disinfectants . Therefore, before choosing drugs with a chlorine content, it is worth remembering that toxin poisoning can occur already when its concentration in the surrounding air is 0.0001%. This concentration is lower than the human sense of smell. Therefore, if you feel the slightest "smell of chlorine," it means that the concentration of chlorine is already several orders of magnitude more acceptable . Also, do not forget that when boiling chlorinated water may form a known poison, which is not removed from the body - dioxin, with all the ensuing consequences.
In the second place in terms of popularity are all sorts of compounds that contain chlorine in their formula. But very often, manufacturers try to hide such compounds under sophisticated trademarks (TM). Not rarely on packages containing chlorine-containing substances can be seen "does not contain active chlorine." It is true, but only half. Therefore, even when you find such a statement on the package, you should be vigilant and look for any mention of the root “chlorine” (for example: the long-name is chlorine- id).
PHENOLS
It is also one of the first mass disinfectants, but at the present time, phenols are little used because of their very high toxicity and high health risks . Due to their low cost, in the third world countries, derivatives of phenols continue to be used for disinfecting surfaces, as well as in cosmetology and technical fields as a preservative. In Europe, phenol has long been banned for use by preparations that may have contact with the skin and respiratory tract.
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
These are oxygen-containing drugs, which are strong oxidizing agents. Peroxides form free radicals that damage cell membranes, DNA and other components of the bacterial cell. Hydrogen peroxide is used mostly not only for disinfection behavior, but also for sterilization. A significant disadvantage of peroxide preparations is their high aggressiveness in relation to the treated surfaces . Hydrogen peroxide causes metal corrosion, discoloration of tissue, and can also cause severe irritation, chemical burns of the skin and mucous membranes in humans.
PERACIDS
The group of peracids has high antimicrobial properties and a fairly broad spectrum of action. They are most often used for sterilization of medical products from various materials: stainless steel, glass, rubber. Peracetic acid causes corrosion of copper, brass, bronze, mild steel, as well as electroplating . Because of this, the applicability of drugs of this group is significantly limited both in medicine and in everyday life.
ALDEHYDES
From the group of aldehydes in the practice of disinfection, two substances are used: formaldehyde (methane, formic aldehyde) and glutaraldehyde (pentanedial). Antibacterial activity of formaldehyde is slightly lower than that of glutaraldehyde. Formaldehyde fumes are known to cause a strong carcinogenic effect. In practice, a combination of formaldehyde and 70% ethyl or isopropyl alcohol is used, which has strong antimicrobial properties. An aqueous solution of formaldehyde has significantly less activity. For the effective action of formaldehyde, special conditions are required: the room temperature must be above 22 ° C, and the relative humidity must be at least 65% and persist for several hours. Formaldehyde solutions are very unstable, and during their storage dangerous toxic volatile compounds are formed. In many developed countries, formalin (an aqueous solution of formaldehyde) is included in the group of banned disinfectants, as it has strong carcinogenic properties , irreversibly irritates mucous membranes, skin, causes severe headaches, adversely affects vital organs.
ALCOHOLS
Alcohols are mainly used as local antiseptics , as well as for disinfecting and sterilizing small surfaces. Alcohols have decent bactericidal properties. They can be used independently as well as solvents that enhance the effect of other antibacterial agents and substances. For disinfection purposes, ethyl and isopropyl alcohols are most often used. In practice, the disinfection of surfaces is practically not used because of the high cost, extreme volatility, fire and explosion hazards.
ORGANIC DISINFECTANTS
These are the most advanced and promising products - a new generation of disinfectants with maximum safety parameters. Ukraine has launched production of organic disinfectants based on the antibacterial properties of organic silver.
Silver is a noble metal that does not evaporate and does not evaporate. Working solutions for disinfection have the highest IV class of safety.
Organic silver preparations (silver citrate) have a pronounced effect on all microorganism groups indicative of disinfectology: bactericidal properties with respect to gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria (including mycobacterium tuberculosis), virucidal (including AIDS / HIV pathogens, hepatitis, poliomyelitis, influenza viruses, and so on. p.) and fungicidal (including candidiasis, dermatophytosis, trichophytosis, etc.), sporicidal properties. It is an effective remedy for the neutralization of pathogens of parasitic diseases (eggs and larvae of helminths, geo-worms, intestinal protozoan cyst and oocysts).
Important: when choosing disinfectants with silver, it is important not to confuse organic compounds of noble metal with outdated and ineffective inorganic salts (for example: silver nitrate ).
FINDINGS
As you can see, all the above preparations have a different degree of antimicrobial action, as well as, different toxicity to humans and the degree of impact on the treated surface. There are solutions with a wide or narrow scope. Therefore, for proper selection and effective use without harm to health, a clear understanding of the properties and characteristics of each active ingredient and, accordingly, of each preparation is necessary. Therefore, it is better to consult a specialist!
MODERN DISINFECTANTS
Only modern safe disinfectants that do not have toxic fumes are suitable for disinfection in homes, apartments, offices!
To combat infection at home, toxicologists and disinfectology experts recommend the use of modern preparations based on organic silver , since they consist of effective, but at the same time simple and safe components for humans. Organic silver does not contain toxic volatile substances, and only pure water evaporates from the treated surface. After drying, silver remains on the surface and forms an invisible nanofilm, which continues to protect against bacteria for a long time until its mechanical removal (washing, erasing). This effect is called prolonged action.
Preparations based on organic silver can treat any surface even in enclosed spaces without fear of poisoning or damage to furniture, worktop or any other material.
SUMERSIL - CONCENTRATED ORGANIC HOME DISINFECTANT
The drug effectively neutralizes all types of pathogens (viruses bacteria, fungi, eggs and worms). It has no toxic evaporation (only clean water evaporates from the treated surface). It has a long lasting effect (does not evaporate from the surface). Without smell. Safe for humans, animals, houseplants and the surrounding nature. Certified in Ukraine nanotechnology product. Produced in Ukraine. Production technology patented! Product details at this link: SumerSil Disinfectant Safe Concentrator (Super Concentrate)
SILVESTER - ORGANIC DISINFECTION SPRAY
Silvester safe organic disinfectant spray .
Suitable for all kinds of surfaces. Quickly neutralizes pathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungus, as well as eggs and larvae of worms. It has no toxic evaporation (only clean water evaporates from the treated surface). Prolonged action (silver nanofilm protects the treated surface for a long time). Odorless. Safe for humans, animals, plants. Certified in Ukraine nanotechnology product. Product information: House disinfection - Silvester
Safe organic disinfectants, which are presented on the site NanoSvit.com are produced in Ukraine (Kiev). Delivery is carried out to any city in which a representative office of New Mail or Intime is open: Lviv, Kharkov, Dnepropetrovsk, Odessa, Zaporozhye, Vinnitsa, Khmelnitsky, Ivano-Frankivsk, Lutsk, Chernigov, Sumy, Cherkasy, Poltava, Zhytomyr, Kirovograd, Ternopol, Nikolaev , Exactly, Uzhgorod, Chernivtsi and others.
Also, you can at any time contact our expert in the field of disinfection and get quality recommendations by phone: +38.063.818.56.77
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