Clorox Disinfecting Wipes with Micro-Scrubbers, Bleach Free Cleaning Wipes - Crisp Lemon, 70 Count
Emulsion formulation for surface disinfection
The invention relates to the disinfection and degassing of surfaces and can be used in the aftermath of emergencies, man-made accidents or terrorist acts with the use of toxic substances and biological pathogenic agents. The bifunctional emulsion formulation of oxidative-nucleophilic action for disinfection and degassing of surfaces contains an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, isopropyl alcohol and chlorobenzene or dichloroethane in the following ratios of components (volume%): hydrogen peroxide - 10; isopropyl alcohol - 54; chlorobenzene or dichloroethane - 17; water - the rest. To increase the disinfecting properties of the formulation at temperatures below minus 15 ° C, 1.0% (volume) formic acid is additionally added to it. The invention provides effective disinfection and degassing of surfaces contaminated with toxic organophosphorus substances and pathogenic microorganisms in the temperature range from minus 30 to 40 ° C for no more than 60 minutes, while the shelf life of the finished formulation is not less than 3 years without changing its properties. 1 hp f-ly, 7 tab., 2 pr.
The invention relates to polyfunctional recipes for disinfection and degassing of various surfaces infected with vegetative and spore forms of microorganisms, as well as toxic organophosphorus substances, including in conditions of negative (up to minus 30 ° C) temperatures. The invention can be used to eliminate the consequences of the use of chemical and biological weapons, as well as the consequences of emergency situations, man-made accidents or terrorist acts with the use of toxic substances and biological pathogenic agents. In addition, the invention can be used to ensure the safety of work on chemically and biologically hazardous objects.
The level of technology
To eliminate the effects of the use of toxic substances (OM) and biological weapons (BO), use formula formulations that have a degassing and disinfecting action based on chlorine-containing preparations (aqueous solutions or suspensions of calcium hypochlorites, formulations using chloramines, compounds of dichloro- and trichloro-isocyanuric acids). For the decontamination and disinfection of objects infected with vegetative forms of microorganisms, use 1.0-1.5% aqueous solutions of calcium hypochlorites; 5.0-7.5% aqueous solutions are used in the treatment of objects infected with spore forms of microbes. The main drawbacks of calcium hypochlorite formulations include the high specific consumption (1.5-4.5 l · m -2 ), narrow temperature range of application (5 ° С and higher), low efficiency against toxic substances, due to weak extracting the ability of water formulations, small shelf life of ready-made suspensions (from 2 to 5 days) [1, 2].
For degassing, polydegazing solvent formulations of RD and RD-2 of nucleophilic action are used. The RD and RD-2 polydegazing formulations provide effective disinfection of objects from chemical agents in a wide range of temperatures (from minus 60 to plus 40) at a low flow rate of 0.4-0.5 l · m -2 , have a long shelf life of 5 years, but do not possess disinfectant activity. In addition, the above-mentioned chlorine-containing and solvent formulations have a strong destructive effect on the construction materials (especially on the paint-and-lacquer coatings) of the processed objects [1, 2].
Various formulations of the oxidizing effect for the neutralization of toxic chemicals and pathogenic biological agents have also been developed, including as an oxidizing component, compounds containing xenon difluoride 0.5-1.0% [3], active oxygen in the form of hydrogen peroxide, inorganic and organic peroxide compounds in an amount of from 2.0 to 25.0% [4-6] and various functional additives.
Degasifying and disinfecting effectiveness of these formulations, as well as their consumption per unit of the treated surface (exposure time from 1 to 6 hours, consumption from 0.2-0.5 to 1.0 l · m -2 ) [3-6] are comparable with standard recipes [1, 2, 7, 8]. The disadvantages of these bifunctional formulations include a large number (from 5 to 13) of the components that make up. Functional additives reduce the aggressive impact on the processed materials, expand the possibilities of application (in the form of foam or aerosol, thickened compositions are better kept on inclined surfaces). But at the same time, the recipe preparation process becomes complicated (becomes multi-stage) and extends up to 1 hour, and in patents [4, 6] up to 3-6 hours or more, the shelf life of ready-made recipes is small and ranges from several hours to a day. Separate formulations cannot be stored in finished form due to the rapid loss of activity of the target components [3, 4], they are prepared immediately before use.
In patents [3-6] it is indicated that the interaction products of thickened formulations with organic substances or microorganisms are of low toxicity and do not pose a danger to humans. However, the composition of the formulations themselves includes components related to toxic substances of hazard class 2 and 3 (hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 35.0-50.0% and peroxide compounds, alkalis, xenon difluoride, acetonitrile, fatty alcohols, quaternary ammonium compounds, hydrochloric acid ). After application, the thickened compositions, as well as the standard degassing and disinfecting compositions, leave on the treated surface a film, a deposit or a dried foam, with which short-term contact (10-15 minutes) is allowed without skin protection. However, for the subsequent long-term safe operation of objects from their surface, it is necessary to remove the remnants of the recipes, or use skin protection agents.
The closest analogues to the present invention are hydrogen peroxide solutions, recommended sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 1.3.1285-03 [7] for disinfection of various objects contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms: 3.0% (from bacteria), 6.0 and 10.0 % (from spores, viruses, chlamydia, rickettsia and fungi) with additions of 0.1-0.5% surfactants and (or) 1.0% formic acid, up to 40% isopropyl or ethyl alcohol are added at negative temperatures [7, 9].
Solutions have high disinfecting properties (depending on the type of surface and microorganism, the exposure is from 60 to 120 minutes, the consumption during irrigation processing is from 0.3 to 0.9 l · m -2 ). However, their disadvantage is the low extracting capacity common for all water formulations, as a result of which they provide only surface degassing of objects.
In this regard, the development of a single highly effective formulation for degassing and disinfection is an important task.
The aim of the present invention is to develop an economical polyfunctional formulation of oxidative-nucleophilic action with improved performance characteristics, providing effective disinfection of surfaces contaminated with microorganisms, as well as toxic organophosphorus substances, at low consumption in a wide temperature range. Improving operational performance is to reduce the duration and simplify the recipe preparation procedure, to increase the shelf life of the finished formulation, as well as to reduce the destructive effect of the formulation on paint coatings.
The claimed technical result is achieved by the composition of the emulsion formulation, which contains an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide as an inorganic oxidizer, two organic solvents, one of which is aprotic non-polar, the second is proton polar, and formic acid at the following ratios of components,% by volume:
hydrogen peroxide - 10;
chlorobenzene or dichloroethane - 17;
isopropyl alcohol - 54;
formic acid - 1 (added if the formulation is used at an ambient temperature below minus 15 ° С);
water - the rest.
Hydrogen peroxide interacts with the molecules of organic agents and the structural elements of microorganisms, causes their oxidative destruction, as a result of which the molecules of organic substances turn into low-toxic compounds, and the microorganisms lose their viability. Formic acid is used in the formulation as an activator to enhance the oxidizing effect of hydrogen peroxide at negative ambient temperatures.
Chlorobenzene and dichloroethane are aprotic non-polar solvents, which contribute to the good extraction of OM, absorbed into the structural materials and coatings of the treated objects, as well as increase the decomposition rate of toxic organophosphorus substances.
Isopropyl alcohol plays the role of a nucleophilic agent in the inactivation of OM, antifreeze, which allows the formulation to be used in winter conditions (up to minus 30 ° C), as well as the emulsifier when mixing polar and non-polar liquids during the preparation of the formulation, resulting in a stable emulsion, which retains its efficiency and state of aggregation without deterioration of properties for at least three years.
Despite the fact that peroxide-containing compounds exist in solid form (hydroperit), hydrogen peroxide in liquid form is used in the formulation with a concentration of the basic substance of at least 35%, which eliminates the stage of dissolution of solids and thereby simplifies the technology and significantly shortens its preparation time. The components used are products of large-scale production of the domestic chemical industry, are available and relatively inexpensive, which makes it possible to conclude that the stated formulation is economical.
The essence of the invention is to obtain an emulsion formulation by mixing the components in calculated amounts.
Knowing the volume of containers in which the emulsion formulation will be prepared, calculate the amount of each component separately, taking into account the composition (volume%) and the conditions for its use:
hydrogen peroxide (PV) - 10;
chlorobenzene (CB) or dichloroethane (DCE) - 17;
isopropyl alcohol (IPA) - 54;
formic acid (MK) - 1 (added if the formulation is used at an ambient temperature below minus 15 ° С);
water - the rest.
For the preparation of an emulsion formulation, use hydrogen peroxide technical grade B with a basic substance content of not less than 35% and other components with a purity grade not worse than technical ones.
The calculation of the amount of technical hydrogen peroxide for the preparation of the formulation is made according to the formula 1:
Where
V PV - the amount of technical hydrogen peroxide required for the preparation of the formulation, l;
10 - the content of hydrogen peroxide in the formulation,%;
With PV - the content of hydrogen peroxide in technical hydrogen peroxide,%;
V ER - the volume of the formulation, l.
Pour into the container the calculated amount of technical hydrogen peroxide, chlorobenzene (or dichloroethane) and isopropyl alcohol, if necessary, add formic acid, then mix thoroughly for 1-2 minutes. You can pour components into the container in any order. The finished formulation has the appearance of a clear homogeneous liquid.
The recipe can be prepared immediately before use or in advance, the shelf life of the finished formulation is at least three years.
The recipe is used as intended by the method of irrigation or irrigation with simultaneous wiping with brushes using modern technical means of special treatment, equipped with stainless steel tanks (for example, a set of KDA, station USSO, machine UTM-80M). It is possible to use recipes from technical means of special treatment (for example, automated filling stations ARS of various modifications) equipped with a system for collecting liquid from an external source (for example, a large volume of high-pressure polyethylene tank) without using its own ferrous metal container.
It is forbidden to apply the emulsion recipe from technical means of special treatment, which have ferrous metal containers and are not equipped with a system for injecting liquid from an external source, bypassing its capacity. It is forbidden to apply the emulsion recipe of the technical means, working with the use of the energy of the exhaust gases of the object being processed. In the process of applying the recipe for its intended purpose, you must use personal protective equipment for the skin and respiratory organs.
The recipe is used at temperatures from minus 30 to 40 ° C. Consumption of the formulation is 0.2-0.3 l · m -2 . Exposure during disinfection of surfaces contaminated with microorganisms, including spores, is not more than 60 minutes, exposure during degassing is not more than 60 minutes.
Upon completion of degassing and disinfection works, the surface of the treated objects is washed with water.
The possibility of carrying out the claimed invention, the effectiveness of the formulation under different variants and conditions of use, as well as the absence of the destructive effect of the formulation on paint coatings are confirmed experimentally in laboratory conditions.
Example 1. Recipe preparation technology, performance
The amount of each component of the formulation was calculated separately, taking into account the composition (volume%) and the conditions for its use (Table 1). The amount of hydrogen peroxide of technical grade B was calculated by the formula 1 taking into account the content of the main substance in it 35.0% (according to the laboratory control data by the permanganometric volume method).
In the preparation of 10 liters, the calculated amount of the components was poured into the container, then they were thoroughly mixed using a mixer (plastic bar) manually for 1 minute. The total cooking time (including metering of all components) was no more than 5 minutes.
When preparing the recipes in the container of the KDA kit, the components were pumped from the original packaging and mixed using the special equipment included in the machine kit, in accordance with the instruction manual. The total cooking time was 20 to 30 minutes.
The crystallization temperature of the emulsion formulation was determined using the apparatus ATKt-02 (produced by LLC Spetsneftekhimavtomatika, Ufa), designed to determine the temperature of the onset of crystallization of low-freezing liquids and antifreeze. The determination was carried out according to the method described in the instruction manual for the device.
As a result of the tests (table 2) it was established that the crystallization temperature of the emulsion formulation containing chlorobenzene is minus 37.0 ° C. The formulation containing dichloroethane begins to freeze at minus 33.4 ° C. The addition of 1.0% formic acid reduces the crystallization temperature of the formulations by 1.0 ° C. Thus, at an ambient temperature of minus 30.0 ° C, the formulations will be guaranteed to be in a liquid state and can be used for surface treatment in winter conditions.
The impact of the emulsion formulation on paint coatings was evaluated by the change in adhesion (lattice cuts method according to GOST 15140-78) and the appearance of the coating (visually according to GOST 9.407-84) and by the photoelectric method for gloss change (according to GOST 896-69). The tests were carried out in laboratory conditions using metal test objects, painted with paint XB-518. The formulations were applied by irrigation and irrigation with wiping brushes with a flow rate of 0.3 l · m -2 and an exposure time of 60 minutes, after which the test objects were washed with water and dried. The treatment was performed five times.
It was established experimentally (table 3) that the fivefold effect of the tested formulations has virtually no effect on the properties of the paintwork: adhesion does not change, the appearance does not change visually, the glossiness of the coating deteriorates slightly (no more than 6.0%).
Example 2. The effectiveness of the formulation
The formulations were prepared in accordance with the described technology. The tests were carried out at positive and negative values of ambient temperature in the range from minus 30.0 to 40.0 ° C.
The degassing efficiency of the formulations was evaluated in the laboratory using test surfaces made of various materials infected with a model Vx-type toxic agent with a density of (1.0 ± 0.1) mg · cm -2 . After infection, the surface was treated with an emulsion formulation by the method of irrigation or irrigation with wiping brushes. After the formulation was dried (depending on the experimental conditions, the drying process takes from several minutes to 1 hour) sorbent polymer substrates were applied to the surfaces, which determined the residual content of the model OM by biochemical control. The test results are presented in table 4.
The experimental data presented in Table 4 show that effective degassing of all surfaces is achieved in no more than 60 minutes when they are processed at a flow rate of 0.2 l · m -2 at positive values of the ambient temperature. In the case of degassing surfaces at air temperatures below 0 ° C, it is necessary to increase the flow rate to 0.3 l · m -2 .
The disinfecting efficiency of the formulations was evaluated under natural conditions using samples of military equipment and isolating type skin protection equipment and under laboratory conditions using test surfaces made of appropriate materials (glass, painted metal, protective fabric with a polymer coating). In the tests used the recipes are freshly prepared and stored for three years. For contamination of surfaces used agar spore culture B.anthracis (vaccine strain STI-1) with a content of mature spores of at least 90%.
Sampling of bacteriological samples from the surfaces was carried out by the method of washing using cotton-gauze tampons. The determination of the number of microorganisms in bacteriological samples was carried out using the plate method in accordance with Guideline Ρ 4.2.2643-10 “Methods of laboratory research and testing of medical and preventive disinfectants to assess their effectiveness and safety.” The tests were carried out in triplicate, the complete neutralization of the residual effect of the emulsion formulation in bacteriological samples was not less than 70%, the results are presented in tables 5-7.
Experimental data presented in Tables 5 and 6 show that surface treatment with an emulsion formulation at a flow rate of 0.2 l · m 2 ensures their effective disinfection from spores of microorganisms for 5 minutes in the temperature range from 15 to 40 ° C. When disinfecting surfaces in the temperature range from minus 30 to 15 ° C, complete disinfection is achieved in 60 minutes. At ambient temperatures below minus 15 ° C, to increase the disinfecting properties, it is necessary to add 1% formic acid to the formulation. The test results presented in Table 7 indicate that the disinfecting properties of the emulsion formulation did not change after three years of storage.
Since the stated emulsion formulation provides in the experimental conditions complete destruction of B.Anthracis spores (anthrax, STI-1 vaccine strain), which is one of the most resistant forms of microorganisms, it also applies to other less resistant microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc. .) it will also be effective.
Thus, the claimed emulsion formulation is bifunctional, provides effective degassing and disinfection of surfaces contaminated with toxic organophosphates and (or) vegetative and spore forms of microorganisms in a wide temperature range (from minus 30 to 40 ° C) for no more than 60 minutes. Consumption of the formulation is 0.2-0.3 l · m -2 .
The recipe can be applied by irrigation or irrigation with simultaneous wiping with brushes using modern technical means of special treatment, equipped with stainless steel tanks (KDA set, USSO station, UTM-80M machine) or equipped with an external source intake system (ARS of various modifications). The recipe can be prepared immediately before use or in advance, the shelf life of the finished formulation is at least 3 years without changing its properties.
Compared with the presented analogues, the emulsion formulation has improved performance characteristics: simplified preparation technology; cooking time reduced to 30 minutes (in tank trucks) and to 5 minutes in small volumes (up to 10 liters); the damaging effect of the formulation on paint coatings is insignificant or absent.
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